Shadow and strong gravitational lensing of new wormhole solutions supported by embedding Class-I condition
Abstract This study deals with the new class of embedded wormhole solutions in the background of general relativity. Two newly calculated wormhole solutions satisfy all the required properties. The embedded diagrams for both calculated wormhole solutions are provided. All the energy conditions are d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2025-01-01
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| Series: | European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13720-7 |
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| author | Niyaz Uddin Molla Himanshu Chaudhary Ujjal Debnath G. Mustafa S. K. Maurya |
| author_facet | Niyaz Uddin Molla Himanshu Chaudhary Ujjal Debnath G. Mustafa S. K. Maurya |
| author_sort | Niyaz Uddin Molla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study deals with the new class of embedded wormhole solutions in the background of general relativity. Two newly calculated wormhole solutions satisfy all the required properties. The embedded diagrams for both calculated wormhole solutions are provided. All the energy conditions are discussed through their validity regions for the different ranges of involved parameters. In maximum regions, all energy conditions are violated. We investigate the shadow and strong gravitational lensing by the wormhole throat for the two new wormhole models, namely Model-I and Model-II. The present paper considers the wormhole throat to act as a photon sphere. We first derive null geodesics using the Hamilton-Jacobi separation method to investigate the shadow and strong gravitational lensing caused by the wormhole throat. We then numerically obtain the radius of wormhole shadow, strong deflection angle, and various lensing observables by taking the example of supermassive black M87* and Sgr A* in the context of both Model-I and Model-II. Keeping all other parameters fixed, it is observed that the parameters $$\zeta _1$$ ζ 1 and $$\zeta _2$$ ζ 2 for Model-I; and $$\chi _1$$ χ 1 and $$\chi _2$$ χ 2 for Model-II have significant effects on the wormhole shadow and strong gravitational lensing phenomena. Our conclusion is that it is possible to detect relativistic images, such as Einstein rings, produced by wormholes with throat radii of $$r_{th}=3M$$ r th = 3 M . The stability analysis via Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkov equation is included for both wormhole solutions. Additionally, current technology enables us to test hypotheses related to astrophysical wormholes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-537d2597d0054fa2baa3a95fca40ea41 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1434-6052 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields |
| spelling | doaj-art-537d2597d0054fa2baa3a95fca40ea412025-01-12T12:36:56ZengSpringerOpenEuropean Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields1434-60522025-01-0185112210.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13720-7Shadow and strong gravitational lensing of new wormhole solutions supported by embedding Class-I conditionNiyaz Uddin Molla0Himanshu Chaudhary1Ujjal Debnath2G. Mustafa3S. K. Maurya4Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyDepartment of Physics, Babes-Bolyai UniversityDepartment of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyDepartment of Physics, Zhejiang Normal UniversityDepartment of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of NizwaAbstract This study deals with the new class of embedded wormhole solutions in the background of general relativity. Two newly calculated wormhole solutions satisfy all the required properties. The embedded diagrams for both calculated wormhole solutions are provided. All the energy conditions are discussed through their validity regions for the different ranges of involved parameters. In maximum regions, all energy conditions are violated. We investigate the shadow and strong gravitational lensing by the wormhole throat for the two new wormhole models, namely Model-I and Model-II. The present paper considers the wormhole throat to act as a photon sphere. We first derive null geodesics using the Hamilton-Jacobi separation method to investigate the shadow and strong gravitational lensing caused by the wormhole throat. We then numerically obtain the radius of wormhole shadow, strong deflection angle, and various lensing observables by taking the example of supermassive black M87* and Sgr A* in the context of both Model-I and Model-II. Keeping all other parameters fixed, it is observed that the parameters $$\zeta _1$$ ζ 1 and $$\zeta _2$$ ζ 2 for Model-I; and $$\chi _1$$ χ 1 and $$\chi _2$$ χ 2 for Model-II have significant effects on the wormhole shadow and strong gravitational lensing phenomena. Our conclusion is that it is possible to detect relativistic images, such as Einstein rings, produced by wormholes with throat radii of $$r_{th}=3M$$ r th = 3 M . The stability analysis via Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkov equation is included for both wormhole solutions. Additionally, current technology enables us to test hypotheses related to astrophysical wormholes.https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13720-7 |
| spellingShingle | Niyaz Uddin Molla Himanshu Chaudhary Ujjal Debnath G. Mustafa S. K. Maurya Shadow and strong gravitational lensing of new wormhole solutions supported by embedding Class-I condition European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields |
| title | Shadow and strong gravitational lensing of new wormhole solutions supported by embedding Class-I condition |
| title_full | Shadow and strong gravitational lensing of new wormhole solutions supported by embedding Class-I condition |
| title_fullStr | Shadow and strong gravitational lensing of new wormhole solutions supported by embedding Class-I condition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shadow and strong gravitational lensing of new wormhole solutions supported by embedding Class-I condition |
| title_short | Shadow and strong gravitational lensing of new wormhole solutions supported by embedding Class-I condition |
| title_sort | shadow and strong gravitational lensing of new wormhole solutions supported by embedding class i condition |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13720-7 |
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