Exploring the Influence of Biochar-Supported Nano-Iron Oxide on Phosphorus Speciation Transformation and Bacterial Community Structure in Aerobic Pig Manure Composting Processes
Existing studies have demonstrated the positive effects of nano-sized iron oxide on compost maturity, yet the impact of nano-sized iron oxide on phosphorus speciation and bacterial communities during the composting process remains unclear. In this study, pig manure and straw were used as raw materia...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/12/2593 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846103498859479040 |
|---|---|
| author | Ning Yuan Kang Wang Mengyue Liang Jia Zhou Rui Yu |
| author_facet | Ning Yuan Kang Wang Mengyue Liang Jia Zhou Rui Yu |
| author_sort | Ning Yuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Existing studies have demonstrated the positive effects of nano-sized iron oxide on compost maturity, yet the impact of nano-sized iron oxide on phosphorus speciation and bacterial communities during the composting process remains unclear. In this study, pig manure and straw were used as raw materials, with biochar-supported nano-sized iron oxide (BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs) as an additive and calcium peroxide (CaO<sub>2</sub>) as a co-agent, to conduct an aerobic composting experiment with pig manure. Four treatments were tested: CK (control), F1 (1% BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs), F2 (5% BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs), and F3 (5% BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs + 5% CaO<sub>2</sub>). Key findings include the following. (1) BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs increased compost temperatures, with F3 reaching 61℃; F1 showed optimal maturity (C/N ratio: 12.90). (2) BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs promoted stable phosphorus forms; Residual-P proportions were higher in F1, F2, and F3 (25.81%, 51.16%, 51.68%) than CK (19.32%). (3) Bacterial phyla <i>Firmicutes</i>, <i>Actinobacteria,</i> and <i>Proteobacteria</i> dominated. BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs altered community composition, especially on day 7. <i>Firmicutes</i> dominated CK, F1, and F3; <i>Proteobacteria</i> dominated F2. At the genus level, day 7 showed <i>Corynebacterium</i> (CK), <i>Clostridum</i> (F1, F3), and <i>Caldibacillus</i> (F2) as predominant. (4) Pearson correlation analysis revealed shifted correlations between phosphorus forms and bacterial phyla after BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs addition. <i>Firmicutes</i> positively correlated with NaOH-OP in F1 during the thermophilic phase, facilitating phosphate release and adsorption by BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs. The significance of correlations diminished with increasing additive concentration; in F3, all phyla positively correlated with various phosphorus forms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-51a31587bb7a4ba6aaa0fb4c7ed41f7f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-51a31587bb7a4ba6aaa0fb4c7ed41f7f2024-12-27T14:41:40ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-12-011212259310.3390/microorganisms12122593Exploring the Influence of Biochar-Supported Nano-Iron Oxide on Phosphorus Speciation Transformation and Bacterial Community Structure in Aerobic Pig Manure Composting ProcessesNing Yuan0Kang Wang1Mengyue Liang2Jia Zhou3Rui Yu4College of Geographic Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, ChinaCollege of Geographic Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, ChinaCollege of Geographic Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, ChinaCollege of Geographic Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaExisting studies have demonstrated the positive effects of nano-sized iron oxide on compost maturity, yet the impact of nano-sized iron oxide on phosphorus speciation and bacterial communities during the composting process remains unclear. In this study, pig manure and straw were used as raw materials, with biochar-supported nano-sized iron oxide (BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs) as an additive and calcium peroxide (CaO<sub>2</sub>) as a co-agent, to conduct an aerobic composting experiment with pig manure. Four treatments were tested: CK (control), F1 (1% BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs), F2 (5% BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs), and F3 (5% BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs + 5% CaO<sub>2</sub>). Key findings include the following. (1) BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs increased compost temperatures, with F3 reaching 61℃; F1 showed optimal maturity (C/N ratio: 12.90). (2) BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs promoted stable phosphorus forms; Residual-P proportions were higher in F1, F2, and F3 (25.81%, 51.16%, 51.68%) than CK (19.32%). (3) Bacterial phyla <i>Firmicutes</i>, <i>Actinobacteria,</i> and <i>Proteobacteria</i> dominated. BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs altered community composition, especially on day 7. <i>Firmicutes</i> dominated CK, F1, and F3; <i>Proteobacteria</i> dominated F2. At the genus level, day 7 showed <i>Corynebacterium</i> (CK), <i>Clostridum</i> (F1, F3), and <i>Caldibacillus</i> (F2) as predominant. (4) Pearson correlation analysis revealed shifted correlations between phosphorus forms and bacterial phyla after BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs addition. <i>Firmicutes</i> positively correlated with NaOH-OP in F1 during the thermophilic phase, facilitating phosphate release and adsorption by BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs. The significance of correlations diminished with increasing additive concentration; in F3, all phyla positively correlated with various phosphorus forms.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/12/2593BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPsaerobic compostingphosphorus speciationmetagenomics |
| spellingShingle | Ning Yuan Kang Wang Mengyue Liang Jia Zhou Rui Yu Exploring the Influence of Biochar-Supported Nano-Iron Oxide on Phosphorus Speciation Transformation and Bacterial Community Structure in Aerobic Pig Manure Composting Processes Microorganisms BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs aerobic composting phosphorus speciation metagenomics |
| title | Exploring the Influence of Biochar-Supported Nano-Iron Oxide on Phosphorus Speciation Transformation and Bacterial Community Structure in Aerobic Pig Manure Composting Processes |
| title_full | Exploring the Influence of Biochar-Supported Nano-Iron Oxide on Phosphorus Speciation Transformation and Bacterial Community Structure in Aerobic Pig Manure Composting Processes |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the Influence of Biochar-Supported Nano-Iron Oxide on Phosphorus Speciation Transformation and Bacterial Community Structure in Aerobic Pig Manure Composting Processes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Influence of Biochar-Supported Nano-Iron Oxide on Phosphorus Speciation Transformation and Bacterial Community Structure in Aerobic Pig Manure Composting Processes |
| title_short | Exploring the Influence of Biochar-Supported Nano-Iron Oxide on Phosphorus Speciation Transformation and Bacterial Community Structure in Aerobic Pig Manure Composting Processes |
| title_sort | exploring the influence of biochar supported nano iron oxide on phosphorus speciation transformation and bacterial community structure in aerobic pig manure composting processes |
| topic | BC-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs aerobic composting phosphorus speciation metagenomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/12/2593 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ningyuan exploringtheinfluenceofbiocharsupportednanoironoxideonphosphorusspeciationtransformationandbacterialcommunitystructureinaerobicpigmanurecompostingprocesses AT kangwang exploringtheinfluenceofbiocharsupportednanoironoxideonphosphorusspeciationtransformationandbacterialcommunitystructureinaerobicpigmanurecompostingprocesses AT mengyueliang exploringtheinfluenceofbiocharsupportednanoironoxideonphosphorusspeciationtransformationandbacterialcommunitystructureinaerobicpigmanurecompostingprocesses AT jiazhou exploringtheinfluenceofbiocharsupportednanoironoxideonphosphorusspeciationtransformationandbacterialcommunitystructureinaerobicpigmanurecompostingprocesses AT ruiyu exploringtheinfluenceofbiocharsupportednanoironoxideonphosphorusspeciationtransformationandbacterialcommunitystructureinaerobicpigmanurecompostingprocesses |