Revitalizing cadmium-stressed sunflower: co-composted biochar improves growth, antioxidant responses, and soil remediation efficiency

Revitalizing cadmium-stressed sunflower: co-composted biochar improves growth, antioxidant responses, and soil remediation efficiency

Abstract Background Heavy metals especially cadmium (Cd), has become a matter of concern for environmentalists due to extensive industrialization and poor management of industrial waste. As a toxic pollutant, Cd has ability to deteriorate soil quality and hence disturbs the plant growth and yield. C...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Muhammad Rauf, Muhammad Naveed, Muhammad Munir, Abdul Ghafoor, Muhammad Naeem Sattar, Hassan Ali-Dinar, Hisham A. Mohamed, Muhammad Asaad Bashir, Muhammad Asif, Adnan Mustafa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Plant Biology
Subjects:
Cadmium
Sunflower
Co-composted biochar
Immobilization
Remediation
Sustainable agriculture
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06906-y
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