Warming Alaskan rivers affect first-year growth in critical northern food fishes

Abstract Arctic and subarctic rivers are warming rapidly, with unknown consequences for migratory fishes and the human communities dependent on them. To date, few studies have provided a comprehensive assessment of possible climate change impacts on the hydrology and temperature of Arctic rivers at...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Peyton A. Thomas, Dylan Blaskey, Yifan Cheng, Michael P. Carey, Heidi K. Swanson, Andrew J. Newman, Cassandra Brooks, Nicole M. Herman-Mercer, Keith N. Musselman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14711-8
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849235000571985920
author Peyton A. Thomas
Dylan Blaskey
Yifan Cheng
Michael P. Carey
Heidi K. Swanson
Andrew J. Newman
Cassandra Brooks
Nicole M. Herman-Mercer
Keith N. Musselman
author_facet Peyton A. Thomas
Dylan Blaskey
Yifan Cheng
Michael P. Carey
Heidi K. Swanson
Andrew J. Newman
Cassandra Brooks
Nicole M. Herman-Mercer
Keith N. Musselman
author_sort Peyton A. Thomas
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Arctic and subarctic rivers are warming rapidly, with unknown consequences for migratory fishes and the human communities dependent on them. To date, few studies have provided a comprehensive assessment of possible climate change impacts on the hydrology and temperature of Arctic rivers at the regional scale, and even fewer have connected those changes to multiple fish species with input and guidance from Indigenous communities. We used climate, hydrologic, and fish-growth simulations of historical (1990–2021) and future (2034–2065) young-of-year (YOY) growth potential of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) for seven river basins in the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim (AYK) region of Alaska, USA and Yukon Territory, Canada. Historically, summer water temperatures of all river basins remained below thresholds regarded as deleterious for Chinook salmon (14.6 °C) and Dolly Varden (16 °C), even in the warmest years. However, by the mid-century, Chinook salmon growth was limited, with declines in the warmest years in most river basins. Conversely, Dolly Varden are expected to benefit, with a near-doubling in growth projections in all river basins. This suggests that there may be an increase in suitable habitat for Dolly Varden by mid-century. The results highlight species-specific consequences of climate change and can guide future research on refugia for these species of cultural and subsistence importance to Indigenous communities in the AYK region and throughout the Arctic.
format Article
id doaj-art-503d2a5e7dfc4fbca83a65decf8ed3aa
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-503d2a5e7dfc4fbca83a65decf8ed3aa2025-08-20T04:02:56ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-14711-8Warming Alaskan rivers affect first-year growth in critical northern food fishesPeyton A. Thomas0Dylan Blaskey1Yifan Cheng2Michael P. Carey3Heidi K. Swanson4Andrew J. Newman5Cassandra Brooks6Nicole M. Herman-Mercer7Keith N. Musselman8Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado BoulderInstitute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado BoulderNSF National Center for Atmospheric ResearchU.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science CenterDepartment of Biology, University of WaterlooNSF National Center for Atmospheric ResearchInstitute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado BoulderU.S. Geological Survey Southwest Climate Adaptation Science CenterInstitute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado BoulderAbstract Arctic and subarctic rivers are warming rapidly, with unknown consequences for migratory fishes and the human communities dependent on them. To date, few studies have provided a comprehensive assessment of possible climate change impacts on the hydrology and temperature of Arctic rivers at the regional scale, and even fewer have connected those changes to multiple fish species with input and guidance from Indigenous communities. We used climate, hydrologic, and fish-growth simulations of historical (1990–2021) and future (2034–2065) young-of-year (YOY) growth potential of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) for seven river basins in the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim (AYK) region of Alaska, USA and Yukon Territory, Canada. Historically, summer water temperatures of all river basins remained below thresholds regarded as deleterious for Chinook salmon (14.6 °C) and Dolly Varden (16 °C), even in the warmest years. However, by the mid-century, Chinook salmon growth was limited, with declines in the warmest years in most river basins. Conversely, Dolly Varden are expected to benefit, with a near-doubling in growth projections in all river basins. This suggests that there may be an increase in suitable habitat for Dolly Varden by mid-century. The results highlight species-specific consequences of climate change and can guide future research on refugia for these species of cultural and subsistence importance to Indigenous communities in the AYK region and throughout the Arctic.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14711-8Climate changeFreshwater ecologyBioenergeticsFish physiologySubsistence
spellingShingle Peyton A. Thomas
Dylan Blaskey
Yifan Cheng
Michael P. Carey
Heidi K. Swanson
Andrew J. Newman
Cassandra Brooks
Nicole M. Herman-Mercer
Keith N. Musselman
Warming Alaskan rivers affect first-year growth in critical northern food fishes
Scientific Reports
Climate change
Freshwater ecology
Bioenergetics
Fish physiology
Subsistence
title Warming Alaskan rivers affect first-year growth in critical northern food fishes
title_full Warming Alaskan rivers affect first-year growth in critical northern food fishes
title_fullStr Warming Alaskan rivers affect first-year growth in critical northern food fishes
title_full_unstemmed Warming Alaskan rivers affect first-year growth in critical northern food fishes
title_short Warming Alaskan rivers affect first-year growth in critical northern food fishes
title_sort warming alaskan rivers affect first year growth in critical northern food fishes
topic Climate change
Freshwater ecology
Bioenergetics
Fish physiology
Subsistence
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14711-8
work_keys_str_mv AT peytonathomas warmingalaskanriversaffectfirstyeargrowthincriticalnorthernfoodfishes
AT dylanblaskey warmingalaskanriversaffectfirstyeargrowthincriticalnorthernfoodfishes
AT yifancheng warmingalaskanriversaffectfirstyeargrowthincriticalnorthernfoodfishes
AT michaelpcarey warmingalaskanriversaffectfirstyeargrowthincriticalnorthernfoodfishes
AT heidikswanson warmingalaskanriversaffectfirstyeargrowthincriticalnorthernfoodfishes
AT andrewjnewman warmingalaskanriversaffectfirstyeargrowthincriticalnorthernfoodfishes
AT cassandrabrooks warmingalaskanriversaffectfirstyeargrowthincriticalnorthernfoodfishes
AT nicolemhermanmercer warmingalaskanriversaffectfirstyeargrowthincriticalnorthernfoodfishes
AT keithnmusselman warmingalaskanriversaffectfirstyeargrowthincriticalnorthernfoodfishes