Nutritional Management of Dyslipidemia in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of International Guidelines and Practices

Objectives: Dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular events are highly prevalent in Pakistan, which could be attributed to a lack of education, poverty, unhealthy dietary habits, and the absence of local guidelines. Our main goal was to develop a comprehensive comparison of the existing inter...

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Main Authors: Fizza Najeeb, Natalia Azhar, Madeeha Khan, Rezzan Khan4, Zainab Bibi, Mohammad Iqbal Khan, Fouzia Sadiq
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Oman Medical Specialty Board 2024-05-01
Series:Oman Medical Journal
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Online Access:https://omjournal.org/articleDetails.aspx?coType=1&aId=3790
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author Fizza Najeeb
Natalia Azhar
Madeeha Khan
Rezzan Khan4,
Zainab Bibi
Mohammad Iqbal Khan
Fouzia Sadiq
author_facet Fizza Najeeb
Natalia Azhar
Madeeha Khan
Rezzan Khan4,
Zainab Bibi
Mohammad Iqbal Khan
Fouzia Sadiq
author_sort Fizza Najeeb
collection DOAJ
description Objectives: Dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular events are highly prevalent in Pakistan, which could be attributed to a lack of education, poverty, unhealthy dietary habits, and the absence of local guidelines. Our main goal was to develop a comprehensive comparison of the existing international dyslipidemia guidelines, highlighting the different nutritional recommendations proposed by each. A secondary objective was to establish local food sources beneficial for dyslipidemia coexistent with other morbidities. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of three databases Pubmed, Scopus, and International Guidelines Library to acquire guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia. The guidelines fulfilling the criteria of the Clinical Practice Guidelines developed by the Institute of Medicine in 2011 were selected for data extraction and their quality was assessed by the Mini-Checklist (MiChe) tool. Using the Harvard Healthy Eating Plate, a modified MyPlate describing portion of each macronutrient was established. Dietary recommendations for dyslipidemia and other comorbidity conditions were developed based on the review of guidelines and data from randomized control trials. Results: A total of 23 guidelines were selected based on our inclusion criteria. Final guidelines presented dietary patterns beneficial for the management of dyslipidemia, which differed due to the availability and cost-effectiveness of nutritional sources in Pakistan. After developing a modified MyPlate better suited to the dietary intakes of the population of Pakistan, nutritional recommendations for dyslipidemia with other comorbids were developed using local sources suggested by practicing dietitians. Conclusions: Dietary modification is the cornerstone of managing dyslipidemia. Due to Pakistan’s unique dietary patterns and the economic condition, a multidisciplinary approach with physicians and dietitians is required to develop easily applicable dietary regimes for dyslipidemia.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1999-768X
2070-5204
language English
publishDate 2024-05-01
publisher Oman Medical Specialty Board
record_format Article
series Oman Medical Journal
spelling doaj-art-4dd6825c1e1446b2a56c810623bc1af72024-12-19T08:39:55ZengOman Medical Specialty BoardOman Medical Journal1999-768X2070-52042024-05-01393e645e64510.5001/omj.2024.81Nutritional Management of Dyslipidemia in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of International Guidelines and PracticesFizza Najeeb0Natalia Azhar1Madeeha Khan2Rezzan Khan4, Zainab Bibi3Mohammad Iqbal Khan4Fouzia Sadiq5Faculty of Health Sciences, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, PakistanFaculty of Health Sciences, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, PakistanDirectorate of Research, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Shifa International Hospital, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, PakistanDirectorate of Research, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, PakistanObjectives: Dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular events are highly prevalent in Pakistan, which could be attributed to a lack of education, poverty, unhealthy dietary habits, and the absence of local guidelines. Our main goal was to develop a comprehensive comparison of the existing international dyslipidemia guidelines, highlighting the different nutritional recommendations proposed by each. A secondary objective was to establish local food sources beneficial for dyslipidemia coexistent with other morbidities. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of three databases Pubmed, Scopus, and International Guidelines Library to acquire guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia. The guidelines fulfilling the criteria of the Clinical Practice Guidelines developed by the Institute of Medicine in 2011 were selected for data extraction and their quality was assessed by the Mini-Checklist (MiChe) tool. Using the Harvard Healthy Eating Plate, a modified MyPlate describing portion of each macronutrient was established. Dietary recommendations for dyslipidemia and other comorbidity conditions were developed based on the review of guidelines and data from randomized control trials. Results: A total of 23 guidelines were selected based on our inclusion criteria. Final guidelines presented dietary patterns beneficial for the management of dyslipidemia, which differed due to the availability and cost-effectiveness of nutritional sources in Pakistan. After developing a modified MyPlate better suited to the dietary intakes of the population of Pakistan, nutritional recommendations for dyslipidemia with other comorbids were developed using local sources suggested by practicing dietitians. Conclusions: Dietary modification is the cornerstone of managing dyslipidemia. Due to Pakistan’s unique dietary patterns and the economic condition, a multidisciplinary approach with physicians and dietitians is required to develop easily applicable dietary regimes for dyslipidemia.https://omjournal.org/articleDetails.aspx?coType=1&aId=3790dyslipidemiamanagementguidelinesdietnutritionpakistan
spellingShingle Fizza Najeeb
Natalia Azhar
Madeeha Khan
Rezzan Khan4,
Zainab Bibi
Mohammad Iqbal Khan
Fouzia Sadiq
Nutritional Management of Dyslipidemia in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of International Guidelines and Practices
Oman Medical Journal
dyslipidemia
management
guidelines
diet
nutrition
pakistan
title Nutritional Management of Dyslipidemia in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of International Guidelines and Practices
title_full Nutritional Management of Dyslipidemia in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of International Guidelines and Practices
title_fullStr Nutritional Management of Dyslipidemia in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of International Guidelines and Practices
title_full_unstemmed Nutritional Management of Dyslipidemia in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of International Guidelines and Practices
title_short Nutritional Management of Dyslipidemia in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of International Guidelines and Practices
title_sort nutritional management of dyslipidemia in pakistan a systematic review of international guidelines and practices
topic dyslipidemia
management
guidelines
diet
nutrition
pakistan
url https://omjournal.org/articleDetails.aspx?coType=1&aId=3790
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