Monitoring mammary gland development in preweaning dairy heifers using ultrasound imaging

Existing literature on the long-term effects of nutritional manipulation on milk production is incomplete and inconsistent as animals are typically culled before lactation. In addition, longitudinal studies are rarely conducted due to high costs and constraints related to tissue sampling; therefore,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Alysia L. Vang, Tiago Bresolin, Waneska S. Frizzarini, Joana P. Campolina, Guilherme L. Menezes, Guilherme J.M. Rosa, Joao R.R. Dorea, Laura L. Hernandez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-11-01
Series:JDS Communications
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666910224000942
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846160249365463040
author Alysia L. Vang
Tiago Bresolin
Waneska S. Frizzarini
Joana P. Campolina
Guilherme L. Menezes
Guilherme J.M. Rosa
Joao R.R. Dorea
Laura L. Hernandez
author_facet Alysia L. Vang
Tiago Bresolin
Waneska S. Frizzarini
Joana P. Campolina
Guilherme L. Menezes
Guilherme J.M. Rosa
Joao R.R. Dorea
Laura L. Hernandez
author_sort Alysia L. Vang
collection DOAJ
description Existing literature on the long-term effects of nutritional manipulation on milk production is incomplete and inconsistent as animals are typically culled before lactation. In addition, longitudinal studies are rarely conducted due to high costs and constraints related to tissue sampling; therefore, additional research is necessary to better understand the effect of early nutrition and growth on subsequent growth and milk production. Thirty Holstein heifer calves were pair-fed high (H; 27% CP and 20% fat) or low (L; 22% CP and 15%) milk replacers. Mammary gland ultrasound images and BW were collected twice weekly, and blood samples weekly, for the first 8 wk of life. Calves fed H had higher ADG and mammary gland growth through 8 wk of life. Calves from the H group also had larger fat pads at 8 wk of age. Glucose and insulin concentrations were increased in H calves compared with L calves, whereas nonesterified fatty acid concentrations were not different between treatments. Our results suggest that ultrasound is a practical, noninvasive tool to monitor udder development preweaning, although additional research is necessary to improve image analysis techniques to analyze tissue composition. Our preliminary work provides data suggesting that the use of mammary gland ultrasound could provide a method of longitudinal analysis of the effects of preweaning nutrition on milk production.
format Article
id doaj-art-4daecd910adb432c82b4561ab6529ff3
institution Kabale University
issn 2666-9102
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series JDS Communications
spelling doaj-art-4daecd910adb432c82b4561ab6529ff32024-11-22T07:39:22ZengElsevierJDS Communications2666-91022024-11-0156725728Monitoring mammary gland development in preweaning dairy heifers using ultrasound imagingAlysia L. Vang0Tiago Bresolin1Waneska S. Frizzarini2Joana P. Campolina3Guilherme L. Menezes4Guilherme J.M. Rosa5Joao R.R. Dorea6Laura L. Hernandez7Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706; Corresponding authorExisting literature on the long-term effects of nutritional manipulation on milk production is incomplete and inconsistent as animals are typically culled before lactation. In addition, longitudinal studies are rarely conducted due to high costs and constraints related to tissue sampling; therefore, additional research is necessary to better understand the effect of early nutrition and growth on subsequent growth and milk production. Thirty Holstein heifer calves were pair-fed high (H; 27% CP and 20% fat) or low (L; 22% CP and 15%) milk replacers. Mammary gland ultrasound images and BW were collected twice weekly, and blood samples weekly, for the first 8 wk of life. Calves fed H had higher ADG and mammary gland growth through 8 wk of life. Calves from the H group also had larger fat pads at 8 wk of age. Glucose and insulin concentrations were increased in H calves compared with L calves, whereas nonesterified fatty acid concentrations were not different between treatments. Our results suggest that ultrasound is a practical, noninvasive tool to monitor udder development preweaning, although additional research is necessary to improve image analysis techniques to analyze tissue composition. Our preliminary work provides data suggesting that the use of mammary gland ultrasound could provide a method of longitudinal analysis of the effects of preweaning nutrition on milk production.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666910224000942
spellingShingle Alysia L. Vang
Tiago Bresolin
Waneska S. Frizzarini
Joana P. Campolina
Guilherme L. Menezes
Guilherme J.M. Rosa
Joao R.R. Dorea
Laura L. Hernandez
Monitoring mammary gland development in preweaning dairy heifers using ultrasound imaging
JDS Communications
title Monitoring mammary gland development in preweaning dairy heifers using ultrasound imaging
title_full Monitoring mammary gland development in preweaning dairy heifers using ultrasound imaging
title_fullStr Monitoring mammary gland development in preweaning dairy heifers using ultrasound imaging
title_full_unstemmed Monitoring mammary gland development in preweaning dairy heifers using ultrasound imaging
title_short Monitoring mammary gland development in preweaning dairy heifers using ultrasound imaging
title_sort monitoring mammary gland development in preweaning dairy heifers using ultrasound imaging
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666910224000942
work_keys_str_mv AT alysialvang monitoringmammaryglanddevelopmentinpreweaningdairyheifersusingultrasoundimaging
AT tiagobresolin monitoringmammaryglanddevelopmentinpreweaningdairyheifersusingultrasoundimaging
AT waneskasfrizzarini monitoringmammaryglanddevelopmentinpreweaningdairyheifersusingultrasoundimaging
AT joanapcampolina monitoringmammaryglanddevelopmentinpreweaningdairyheifersusingultrasoundimaging
AT guilhermelmenezes monitoringmammaryglanddevelopmentinpreweaningdairyheifersusingultrasoundimaging
AT guilhermejmrosa monitoringmammaryglanddevelopmentinpreweaningdairyheifersusingultrasoundimaging
AT joaorrdorea monitoringmammaryglanddevelopmentinpreweaningdairyheifersusingultrasoundimaging
AT lauralhernandez monitoringmammaryglanddevelopmentinpreweaningdairyheifersusingultrasoundimaging