The role of virtual reality in enhancing behavioral empathy: exploring cognitive absorption, engagement, and emotional moderation using multivariate methods

Abstract Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly being used to promote altruistic behavior, yet its mechanisms for enhancing altruistic behavior remain underexplored. This study investigates how cognitive absorption in VR enhances behavioral empathy, drawing on cognitive absorption theory and the empat...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Chi-Horng Liao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer Nature 2025-07-01
Series:Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05334-5
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849768892261466112
author Chi-Horng Liao
author_facet Chi-Horng Liao
author_sort Chi-Horng Liao
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly being used to promote altruistic behavior, yet its mechanisms for enhancing altruistic behavior remain underexplored. This study investigates how cognitive absorption in VR enhances behavioral empathy, drawing on cognitive absorption theory and the empathy-altruism model. Three studies were conducted using modified Delphi (m-Delphi), Fuzzy Decision Making and Trial Evaluation Laboratory (F-DEMATEL), structural equation modelling (SEM), and artificial neural networks (ANN), and data was collected from Taiwanese participants. The findings reveal that cognitive absorption increases cognitive and emotional engagement, which enhance cognitive and emotional empathy, leading to greater behavioral empathy. Serial mediation effects were confirmed, and guilt moderated the emotional empathy-behavioral empathy link. ANN analysis identified emotional empathy and focused attention as top predictors. The findings of this research provide theoretical and practical insights for designing VR-based tools to foster sustained prosocial behavior.
format Article
id doaj-art-4b7dca7bfdcf4b22bd9df1f93c6bd2a7
institution DOAJ
issn 2662-9992
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Springer Nature
record_format Article
series Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
spelling doaj-art-4b7dca7bfdcf4b22bd9df1f93c6bd2a72025-08-20T03:03:38ZengSpringer NatureHumanities & Social Sciences Communications2662-99922025-07-0112111510.1057/s41599-025-05334-5The role of virtual reality in enhancing behavioral empathy: exploring cognitive absorption, engagement, and emotional moderation using multivariate methodsChi-Horng Liao0Bachelor Program in Digital Media and Technology, Tzu Chi UniversityAbstract Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly being used to promote altruistic behavior, yet its mechanisms for enhancing altruistic behavior remain underexplored. This study investigates how cognitive absorption in VR enhances behavioral empathy, drawing on cognitive absorption theory and the empathy-altruism model. Three studies were conducted using modified Delphi (m-Delphi), Fuzzy Decision Making and Trial Evaluation Laboratory (F-DEMATEL), structural equation modelling (SEM), and artificial neural networks (ANN), and data was collected from Taiwanese participants. The findings reveal that cognitive absorption increases cognitive and emotional engagement, which enhance cognitive and emotional empathy, leading to greater behavioral empathy. Serial mediation effects were confirmed, and guilt moderated the emotional empathy-behavioral empathy link. ANN analysis identified emotional empathy and focused attention as top predictors. The findings of this research provide theoretical and practical insights for designing VR-based tools to foster sustained prosocial behavior.https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05334-5
spellingShingle Chi-Horng Liao
The role of virtual reality in enhancing behavioral empathy: exploring cognitive absorption, engagement, and emotional moderation using multivariate methods
Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
title The role of virtual reality in enhancing behavioral empathy: exploring cognitive absorption, engagement, and emotional moderation using multivariate methods
title_full The role of virtual reality in enhancing behavioral empathy: exploring cognitive absorption, engagement, and emotional moderation using multivariate methods
title_fullStr The role of virtual reality in enhancing behavioral empathy: exploring cognitive absorption, engagement, and emotional moderation using multivariate methods
title_full_unstemmed The role of virtual reality in enhancing behavioral empathy: exploring cognitive absorption, engagement, and emotional moderation using multivariate methods
title_short The role of virtual reality in enhancing behavioral empathy: exploring cognitive absorption, engagement, and emotional moderation using multivariate methods
title_sort role of virtual reality in enhancing behavioral empathy exploring cognitive absorption engagement and emotional moderation using multivariate methods
url https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05334-5
work_keys_str_mv AT chihorngliao theroleofvirtualrealityinenhancingbehavioralempathyexploringcognitiveabsorptionengagementandemotionalmoderationusingmultivariatemethods
AT chihorngliao roleofvirtualrealityinenhancingbehavioralempathyexploringcognitiveabsorptionengagementandemotionalmoderationusingmultivariatemethods