Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.

Kerala, a south Indian state witnessed several outbreaks of Nipah encephalitis since 2018, a zoonotic viral disease with significant pandemic potential. This review highlights the relevance of surveillance and health system preparedness, infection control, early diagnosis and treatment with broad-sp...

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Main Authors: Thekkumkara Surendran Anish, Reghukumar Aravind, Chandni Radhakrishnan, Nivedita Gupta, Pragya D Yadav, Jerin Jose Cherian, Rima Sahay, Shubin Chenayil, Anoop Kumar A S, Anitha Puduvail Moorkoth, Ashadevi, Velichapat Ramakrishnan Lathika, Shamsudeen Moideen, Sekhar Lukose Kuriakose, Kalathil Joseph Reena, Thomas Mathew
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2024-01-01
Series:PLOS Global Public Health
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003926
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author Thekkumkara Surendran Anish
Reghukumar Aravind
Chandni Radhakrishnan
Nivedita Gupta
Pragya D Yadav
Jerin Jose Cherian
Rima Sahay
Shubin Chenayil
Anoop Kumar A S
Anitha Puduvail Moorkoth
Ashadevi
Velichapat Ramakrishnan Lathika
Shamsudeen Moideen
Sekhar Lukose Kuriakose
Kalathil Joseph Reena
Thomas Mathew
author_facet Thekkumkara Surendran Anish
Reghukumar Aravind
Chandni Radhakrishnan
Nivedita Gupta
Pragya D Yadav
Jerin Jose Cherian
Rima Sahay
Shubin Chenayil
Anoop Kumar A S
Anitha Puduvail Moorkoth
Ashadevi
Velichapat Ramakrishnan Lathika
Shamsudeen Moideen
Sekhar Lukose Kuriakose
Kalathil Joseph Reena
Thomas Mathew
author_sort Thekkumkara Surendran Anish
collection DOAJ
description Kerala, a south Indian state witnessed several outbreaks of Nipah encephalitis since 2018, a zoonotic viral disease with significant pandemic potential. This review highlights the relevance of surveillance and health system preparedness, infection control, early diagnosis and treatment with broad-spectrum antivirals, environmental conservation, and community engagement in mitigating Nipah outbreaks. Additionally, it emphasises the importance of developing new biologicals and anti-viral drugs to combat the disease. The article discusses the available evidence on the spillover mechanisms, genetic attributes of the circulating virus, ecological factors, risk of hospital-based superspreading, treatment outcomes and successful strategies employed in Kerala in response to the recurrent Nipah outbreaks.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2767-3375
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLOS Global Public Health
spelling doaj-art-4b0c5ef1528a4fb6b57b60cb2d2dd0e52025-01-08T05:51:34ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLOS Global Public Health2767-33752024-01-01412e000392610.1371/journal.pgph.0003926Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.Thekkumkara Surendran AnishReghukumar AravindChandni RadhakrishnanNivedita GuptaPragya D YadavJerin Jose CherianRima SahayShubin ChenayilAnoop Kumar A SAnitha Puduvail MoorkothAshadeviVelichapat Ramakrishnan LathikaShamsudeen MoideenSekhar Lukose KuriakoseKalathil Joseph ReenaThomas MathewKerala, a south Indian state witnessed several outbreaks of Nipah encephalitis since 2018, a zoonotic viral disease with significant pandemic potential. This review highlights the relevance of surveillance and health system preparedness, infection control, early diagnosis and treatment with broad-spectrum antivirals, environmental conservation, and community engagement in mitigating Nipah outbreaks. Additionally, it emphasises the importance of developing new biologicals and anti-viral drugs to combat the disease. The article discusses the available evidence on the spillover mechanisms, genetic attributes of the circulating virus, ecological factors, risk of hospital-based superspreading, treatment outcomes and successful strategies employed in Kerala in response to the recurrent Nipah outbreaks.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003926
spellingShingle Thekkumkara Surendran Anish
Reghukumar Aravind
Chandni Radhakrishnan
Nivedita Gupta
Pragya D Yadav
Jerin Jose Cherian
Rima Sahay
Shubin Chenayil
Anoop Kumar A S
Anitha Puduvail Moorkoth
Ashadevi
Velichapat Ramakrishnan Lathika
Shamsudeen Moideen
Sekhar Lukose Kuriakose
Kalathil Joseph Reena
Thomas Mathew
Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.
PLOS Global Public Health
title Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.
title_full Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.
title_fullStr Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.
title_full_unstemmed Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.
title_short Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.
title_sort pandemic potential of the nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks lessons from kerala india
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003926
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