Multiple Tumor-related autoantibodies test enhances CT-based deep learning performance in diagnosing lung cancer with diameters < 70 mm: a prospective study in China
Abstract Background Deep learning (DL) demonstrates high sensitivity but low specificity in lung cancer (LC) detection during CT screening, and the seven Tumor-associated antigens autoantibodies (7-TAAbs), known for its high specificity in LC, was employed to improve the DL’s specificity for the eff...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Pulmonary Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03807-6 |
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| Summary: | Abstract Background Deep learning (DL) demonstrates high sensitivity but low specificity in lung cancer (LC) detection during CT screening, and the seven Tumor-associated antigens autoantibodies (7-TAAbs), known for its high specificity in LC, was employed to improve the DL’s specificity for the efficiency of LC screening in China. Purpose To develop and evaluate a risk model combining 7-TAAbs test and DL scores for diagnosing LC with pulmonary lesions < 70 mm. Materials and methods Four hundreds and six patients with 406 lesions were enrolled and assigned into training set (n = 313) and test set (n = 93) randomly. The malignant lesions were defined as those lesions with high malignant risks by DL or those with positive expression of 7-TAAbs panel. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). Results In the training set, the AUCs for DL, 7-TAAbs, combined model (DL and 7-TAAbs) and combined model (DL or 7-TAAbs) were 0.771, 0.638, 0.606, 0.809 seperately. In the test set, the combined model (DL or 7-TAAbs) achieved achieved the highest sensitivity (82.6%), NPV (81.8%) and accuracy (79.6%) among four models, and the AUCs of DL model, 7-TAAbs model, combined model (DL and 7-TAAbs), and combined model (DL or 7-TAAbs) were 0.731, 0.679, 0.574, and 0.794, respectively. Conclusion The 7-TAAbs test significantly enhances DL performance in predicting LC with pulmonary leisons < 70 mm in China. |
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| ISSN: | 1471-2466 |