Symptoms of acute stress, anxiety, and depression following Türkiye-Syria earthquake among Syrian population: national survey during the acute phase

Background: On 6 February 2023, an earthquake with a 7.8 magnitude wreaked destruction in northern Syria to add a new emergency status in the country. This study aims to evaluate the mental health status of the Syrian population in the immediate phase of the earthquake.Methods: This nationwide cross...

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Main Authors: Mhd Homam Safiah, Khaled Kalalib Al Ashabi, Mhd Obai Alchallah, Hani Alolabi, Sham Ataya, Youssef Latifeh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:European Journal of Psychotraumatology
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20008066.2024.2433836
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author Mhd Homam Safiah
Khaled Kalalib Al Ashabi
Mhd Obai Alchallah
Hani Alolabi
Sham Ataya
Youssef Latifeh
author_facet Mhd Homam Safiah
Khaled Kalalib Al Ashabi
Mhd Obai Alchallah
Hani Alolabi
Sham Ataya
Youssef Latifeh
author_sort Mhd Homam Safiah
collection DOAJ
description Background: On 6 February 2023, an earthquake with a 7.8 magnitude wreaked destruction in northern Syria to add a new emergency status in the country. This study aims to evaluate the mental health status of the Syrian population in the immediate phase of the earthquake.Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in Syria from 17 February to 6 April. Data were collected on socio-demographics, trauma exposure characteristics, and levels of acute stress, depression, and anxiety. The NSESSS Checklist for the APA was used to assess ASD symptoms, PHQ-9 for depression, and GAD-7 for anxiety. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to identify predictive factors while accounting for governorate as a random effect and time elapsed as a fixed factor.Results: The rate of probable ASD symptoms was significant, with 55.3% of participants exhibiting these symptoms, including 10.3% reporting severe-to-extreme levels of severity. Similarly, 71.6% of participants exhibited symptoms of depression and 59.1% showed symptoms of anxiety. Furthermore, 40.4% of participants displayed a co-occurrence of ASD along with anxiety and depression. Linear mixed effects models indicated that symptoms were predicted by female sex, displacement, poor economic status, and a positive mental health history time elapsed, physical trauma, belief in the ongoing risk of earthquakes, feelings of dizziness, recurrent night-time fear arousal, and a continued sensation of seismic activity.Conclusion: This study demonstrated the high rates of symptoms of ASD, anxiety, and depression across the Syrian population during the immediate aftermath of the earthquake. High portions of people may acquire co-occurring symptoms represented by different mental health problems. These findings highlight the need for immediate actions to enhance mental health support in Syria.
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spelling doaj-art-48a24df1cb094a949bb163fa7d26a7192024-12-09T09:19:35ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEuropean Journal of Psychotraumatology2000-80662024-12-0115110.1080/20008066.2024.2433836Symptoms of acute stress, anxiety, and depression following Türkiye-Syria earthquake among Syrian population: national survey during the acute phaseMhd Homam Safiah0Khaled Kalalib Al Ashabi1Mhd Obai Alchallah2Hani Alolabi3Sham Ataya4Youssef Latifeh5Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, SyriaFaculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, SyriaFaculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, SyriaFaculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, SyriaFaculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, SyriaDepartment of Psychiatry, Damascus University, Damascus, SyriaBackground: On 6 February 2023, an earthquake with a 7.8 magnitude wreaked destruction in northern Syria to add a new emergency status in the country. This study aims to evaluate the mental health status of the Syrian population in the immediate phase of the earthquake.Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in Syria from 17 February to 6 April. Data were collected on socio-demographics, trauma exposure characteristics, and levels of acute stress, depression, and anxiety. The NSESSS Checklist for the APA was used to assess ASD symptoms, PHQ-9 for depression, and GAD-7 for anxiety. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to identify predictive factors while accounting for governorate as a random effect and time elapsed as a fixed factor.Results: The rate of probable ASD symptoms was significant, with 55.3% of participants exhibiting these symptoms, including 10.3% reporting severe-to-extreme levels of severity. Similarly, 71.6% of participants exhibited symptoms of depression and 59.1% showed symptoms of anxiety. Furthermore, 40.4% of participants displayed a co-occurrence of ASD along with anxiety and depression. Linear mixed effects models indicated that symptoms were predicted by female sex, displacement, poor economic status, and a positive mental health history time elapsed, physical trauma, belief in the ongoing risk of earthquakes, feelings of dizziness, recurrent night-time fear arousal, and a continued sensation of seismic activity.Conclusion: This study demonstrated the high rates of symptoms of ASD, anxiety, and depression across the Syrian population during the immediate aftermath of the earthquake. High portions of people may acquire co-occurring symptoms represented by different mental health problems. These findings highlight the need for immediate actions to enhance mental health support in Syria.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20008066.2024.2433836Acute stressTürkiye-Syria earthquakemental healthSyriaEstrés agudoterremoto de Turquía-Siria
spellingShingle Mhd Homam Safiah
Khaled Kalalib Al Ashabi
Mhd Obai Alchallah
Hani Alolabi
Sham Ataya
Youssef Latifeh
Symptoms of acute stress, anxiety, and depression following Türkiye-Syria earthquake among Syrian population: national survey during the acute phase
European Journal of Psychotraumatology
Acute stress
Türkiye-Syria earthquake
mental health
Syria
Estrés agudo
terremoto de Turquía-Siria
title Symptoms of acute stress, anxiety, and depression following Türkiye-Syria earthquake among Syrian population: national survey during the acute phase
title_full Symptoms of acute stress, anxiety, and depression following Türkiye-Syria earthquake among Syrian population: national survey during the acute phase
title_fullStr Symptoms of acute stress, anxiety, and depression following Türkiye-Syria earthquake among Syrian population: national survey during the acute phase
title_full_unstemmed Symptoms of acute stress, anxiety, and depression following Türkiye-Syria earthquake among Syrian population: national survey during the acute phase
title_short Symptoms of acute stress, anxiety, and depression following Türkiye-Syria earthquake among Syrian population: national survey during the acute phase
title_sort symptoms of acute stress anxiety and depression following turkiye syria earthquake among syrian population national survey during the acute phase
topic Acute stress
Türkiye-Syria earthquake
mental health
Syria
Estrés agudo
terremoto de Turquía-Siria
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20008066.2024.2433836
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