International diet quality index and revised diet quality index relationship with type 2 diabetes disease: a case-control study
BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health crisis linked to increased cardiovascular risk. Research indicates that better dietary quality—higher intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and lower intake of processed foods—reduces T2DM risk. This study examines the relationsh...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1501349/full |
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| author | Amr Ali Mohamed Abdelgawwad El-Sehrawy Bilal AbdulMajeed Mukhlif Enwa Felix Oghenemaro M. M. Rekha Rohit Kumawat Shilpa Sharma M. Ravi Kumar Nagat Salah Shalaby Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda Abed J. Kadhim |
| author_facet | Amr Ali Mohamed Abdelgawwad El-Sehrawy Bilal AbdulMajeed Mukhlif Enwa Felix Oghenemaro M. M. Rekha Rohit Kumawat Shilpa Sharma M. Ravi Kumar Nagat Salah Shalaby Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda Abed J. Kadhim |
| author_sort | Amr Ali Mohamed Abdelgawwad El-Sehrawy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health crisis linked to increased cardiovascular risk. Research indicates that better dietary quality—higher intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and lower intake of processed foods—reduces T2DM risk. This study examines the relationship between T2DM and dietary quality indices (DQI-I and DQI-R) to determine if adherence can lower diabetes risk. By analyzing dietary patterns in individuals with and without diabetes, the research aims to identify key nutritional factors influencing disease risk and provide evidence-based dietary recommendations for prevention and management.MethodsThis case-control study involved 128 T2DM patients and 256 controls, assessing dietary intake with a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire to calculate the Dietary Quality Index-I (DQI-I) and Dietary Quality Index-R (DQI-R). Multivariable logistic regression analysis explored the relationship between DQI-I, DQI-R, and their components with T2DM development odds.ResultsThe mean (SD) age and body mass index (BMI) of participants, comprising 53.7% men, were 37.8 (7.8) years and 27.7 (3.3) kg/m2, respectively. In the final model, each standard deviation increase in the DQI-I score was associated with reduced odds of T2DM (odds ratio [OR] = 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.37–0.92; p = 0.046). Among the components of the DQI-I, a high adequacy score was significantly correlated with lower odds of T2DM (OR = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.05–0.36; p < 0.001). Additionally, participants in the highest tertile of the DQI-R score exhibited lower odds of T2DM compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.11–0.49; p < 0.001). Furthermore, within the components of the DQI-R, a high moderation score was associated with a decreased risk of T2DM (OR = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.09–0.45; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe case-control study suggests a potential protective effect of diets with higher scores on the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Revised Diet Quality Index (DQI-R) in reducing T2DM risk. Future research should focus on larger sample sizes and prospective designs to further investigate the DQI-I, DQI-R, and their components in relation to T2DM and other chronic diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4836344e1c1a44edbf93c39752afb2ec |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-4836344e1c1a44edbf93c39752afb2ec2025-01-06T05:13:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-01-011110.3389/fnut.2024.15013491501349International diet quality index and revised diet quality index relationship with type 2 diabetes disease: a case-control studyAmr Ali Mohamed Abdelgawwad El-Sehrawy0Bilal AbdulMajeed Mukhlif1Enwa Felix Oghenemaro2M. M. Rekha3Rohit Kumawat4Shilpa Sharma5M. Ravi Kumar6Nagat Salah Shalaby7Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda8Abed J. Kadhim9Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptMedical Laboratory Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Technology, University of Al-maarif, Anbar, IraqDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, NigeriaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Neurology, National Institute of Medical Sciences, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, IndiaChandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri, Mohali, Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Basic Science and Humanities, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, IndiaCollege of Nursing, National University of Science and Technology, Nasiriyah, Dhi Qar, IraqCollege of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq0Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, IraqBackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health crisis linked to increased cardiovascular risk. Research indicates that better dietary quality—higher intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and lower intake of processed foods—reduces T2DM risk. This study examines the relationship between T2DM and dietary quality indices (DQI-I and DQI-R) to determine if adherence can lower diabetes risk. By analyzing dietary patterns in individuals with and without diabetes, the research aims to identify key nutritional factors influencing disease risk and provide evidence-based dietary recommendations for prevention and management.MethodsThis case-control study involved 128 T2DM patients and 256 controls, assessing dietary intake with a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire to calculate the Dietary Quality Index-I (DQI-I) and Dietary Quality Index-R (DQI-R). Multivariable logistic regression analysis explored the relationship between DQI-I, DQI-R, and their components with T2DM development odds.ResultsThe mean (SD) age and body mass index (BMI) of participants, comprising 53.7% men, were 37.8 (7.8) years and 27.7 (3.3) kg/m2, respectively. In the final model, each standard deviation increase in the DQI-I score was associated with reduced odds of T2DM (odds ratio [OR] = 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.37–0.92; p = 0.046). Among the components of the DQI-I, a high adequacy score was significantly correlated with lower odds of T2DM (OR = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.05–0.36; p < 0.001). Additionally, participants in the highest tertile of the DQI-R score exhibited lower odds of T2DM compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.11–0.49; p < 0.001). Furthermore, within the components of the DQI-R, a high moderation score was associated with a decreased risk of T2DM (OR = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.09–0.45; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe case-control study suggests a potential protective effect of diets with higher scores on the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Revised Diet Quality Index (DQI-R) in reducing T2DM risk. Future research should focus on larger sample sizes and prospective designs to further investigate the DQI-I, DQI-R, and their components in relation to T2DM and other chronic diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1501349/fulldiabetesT2DMdietDQI-IDQI-R |
| spellingShingle | Amr Ali Mohamed Abdelgawwad El-Sehrawy Bilal AbdulMajeed Mukhlif Enwa Felix Oghenemaro M. M. Rekha Rohit Kumawat Shilpa Sharma M. Ravi Kumar Nagat Salah Shalaby Munthar Kadhim Abosaoda Abed J. Kadhim International diet quality index and revised diet quality index relationship with type 2 diabetes disease: a case-control study Frontiers in Nutrition diabetes T2DM diet DQI-I DQI-R |
| title | International diet quality index and revised diet quality index relationship with type 2 diabetes disease: a case-control study |
| title_full | International diet quality index and revised diet quality index relationship with type 2 diabetes disease: a case-control study |
| title_fullStr | International diet quality index and revised diet quality index relationship with type 2 diabetes disease: a case-control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | International diet quality index and revised diet quality index relationship with type 2 diabetes disease: a case-control study |
| title_short | International diet quality index and revised diet quality index relationship with type 2 diabetes disease: a case-control study |
| title_sort | international diet quality index and revised diet quality index relationship with type 2 diabetes disease a case control study |
| topic | diabetes T2DM diet DQI-I DQI-R |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1501349/full |
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