Toxic Effects of Lead Exposure on Freshwater Climbing Perch, <i>Anabas testudineus</i>, and Bioremediation Using <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> Leaf Powder
The acute and chronic toxicity of lead to <i>Anabas testudineus</i> was determined in this study using static replacement bioassay testing. During the chronic toxicity studies, an experiment on the bioremediation of lead toxicity using <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> leaf powder was co...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/927 |
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| Summary: | The acute and chronic toxicity of lead to <i>Anabas testudineus</i> was determined in this study using static replacement bioassay testing. During the chronic toxicity studies, an experiment on the bioremediation of lead toxicity using <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> leaf powder was conducted. The 96 h LC<sub>50</sub> values of lead for <i>Anabas testudineus</i> was 1.08 mg/L. Different biomarkers, such as the hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index, and fecundity, were significantly lower in fish subjected to 10% and 20% of the 96 h LC<sub>50</sub> values of lead, compared to controls. The 45-day chronic exposure of fish to lead concentrations of 0.2 mg/L and above significantly lowered the number of total RBC, hemoglobin content, HCT (%), plasma protein, and cholesterol while decreasing the level of total WBC, plasma glucose, creatinine, serum AST and serum ALT. The leaf powder of <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> plays a significant role in ameliorating lead toxicity. |
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| ISSN: | 2305-6304 |