Quantitative risk assessment of rainstorm-induced flood disaster in Piedmont plain of Pakistan
Abstract Pakistan’s geographic location makes it an important land hub between Central Asia, Middle East-North Africa, and China. However, the railways, roads, farmland, riverways, and residential quarters in the Piedmont plains of Baluchistan province in northwestern Pakistan are under serious thre...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84738-w |
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| author | Ming Chang Kangchi Zhou Xiangyang Dou Fenghuan Su Bo Yu |
| author_facet | Ming Chang Kangchi Zhou Xiangyang Dou Fenghuan Su Bo Yu |
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| description | Abstract Pakistan’s geographic location makes it an important land hub between Central Asia, Middle East-North Africa, and China. However, the railways, roads, farmland, riverways, and residential quarters in the Piedmont plains of Baluchistan province in northwestern Pakistan are under serious threat of flooding in the summer of 2022. The urgency and severity of climate change’s impact on humanity are underscored by the significant threats posed to human life and property in Piedmont Plains environments through extreme flood events, which has garnered widespread concerns. In flood scenarios, accurately predicting the extent of flooding is crucial for disaster assessment, emergency response, and the efficient allocation of resources. Previous research has primarily predicted flooding likelihood based on topographical factors or integrated annual rainfall data, failing to account for the extent of flooding from short-term rainfall before and after an event. Flood disasters are not caused by a single factor but are influenced by a variety of elements, including terrain and climate. Therefore, current research still lacks a comprehensive consideration of these influencing factors to accurately predict both the range and severity of flood impacts. In this paper, in response to the inability to accurately predict the flood damage in the pre-hill plains region in previous studies, combined with the current Pakistan mega-flood disaster, will couple the impacts of various flood-inducing factors on flooding, construct a prediction model for the degree of inundation of the Pakistani pre-hill plains flood disaster, and combined with the distribution of regional bearers, analyze the risk-resistant capacity of different types of bearers, and draw a comprehensive risk map piece under the flooding disaster. This paper bridges the gap of not integrating various factors in previous studies. Our research results provide strong evidence for flood prediction in Pakistan and similar regions, which is of great significance in reducing the loss of life and property of people around the world. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-464c731d40574ea3b68f158afdb2a122 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-464c731d40574ea3b68f158afdb2a1222025-01-05T12:20:43ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111710.1038/s41598-024-84738-wQuantitative risk assessment of rainstorm-induced flood disaster in Piedmont plain of PakistanMing Chang0Kangchi Zhou1Xiangyang Dou2Fenghuan Su3Bo Yu4State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and GeoEnvironment Protection, Chengdu University of TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and GeoEnvironment Protection, Chengdu University of TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and GeoEnvironment Protection, Chengdu University of TechnologyKey Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of SciencesState Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and GeoEnvironment Protection, Chengdu University of TechnologyAbstract Pakistan’s geographic location makes it an important land hub between Central Asia, Middle East-North Africa, and China. However, the railways, roads, farmland, riverways, and residential quarters in the Piedmont plains of Baluchistan province in northwestern Pakistan are under serious threat of flooding in the summer of 2022. The urgency and severity of climate change’s impact on humanity are underscored by the significant threats posed to human life and property in Piedmont Plains environments through extreme flood events, which has garnered widespread concerns. In flood scenarios, accurately predicting the extent of flooding is crucial for disaster assessment, emergency response, and the efficient allocation of resources. Previous research has primarily predicted flooding likelihood based on topographical factors or integrated annual rainfall data, failing to account for the extent of flooding from short-term rainfall before and after an event. Flood disasters are not caused by a single factor but are influenced by a variety of elements, including terrain and climate. Therefore, current research still lacks a comprehensive consideration of these influencing factors to accurately predict both the range and severity of flood impacts. In this paper, in response to the inability to accurately predict the flood damage in the pre-hill plains region in previous studies, combined with the current Pakistan mega-flood disaster, will couple the impacts of various flood-inducing factors on flooding, construct a prediction model for the degree of inundation of the Pakistani pre-hill plains flood disaster, and combined with the distribution of regional bearers, analyze the risk-resistant capacity of different types of bearers, and draw a comprehensive risk map piece under the flooding disaster. This paper bridges the gap of not integrating various factors in previous studies. Our research results provide strong evidence for flood prediction in Pakistan and similar regions, which is of great significance in reducing the loss of life and property of people around the world.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84738-wPakistanPiedmont plainFloodSubmerged areaRisk assessment |
| spellingShingle | Ming Chang Kangchi Zhou Xiangyang Dou Fenghuan Su Bo Yu Quantitative risk assessment of rainstorm-induced flood disaster in Piedmont plain of Pakistan Scientific Reports Pakistan Piedmont plain Flood Submerged area Risk assessment |
| title | Quantitative risk assessment of rainstorm-induced flood disaster in Piedmont plain of Pakistan |
| title_full | Quantitative risk assessment of rainstorm-induced flood disaster in Piedmont plain of Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative risk assessment of rainstorm-induced flood disaster in Piedmont plain of Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative risk assessment of rainstorm-induced flood disaster in Piedmont plain of Pakistan |
| title_short | Quantitative risk assessment of rainstorm-induced flood disaster in Piedmont plain of Pakistan |
| title_sort | quantitative risk assessment of rainstorm induced flood disaster in piedmont plain of pakistan |
| topic | Pakistan Piedmont plain Flood Submerged area Risk assessment |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84738-w |
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