Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of radioresistant prostate and head and neck cancers implicate a BAHD1-dependent modification of DNA damage at the heterochromatin

Abstract Radiotherapy is an integral modality in treating human cancers, but radioresistance remains a clinical challenge due to the involvement of multiple intrinsic cellular and extrinsic tumour microenvironment factors that govern radiosensitivity. To study the intrinsic factors that are associat...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chaw Yee Beh, Celestia Pei Xuan Yeo, Boon Hao Hong, Evelyn Mui Cheng Tan, Kah Min Tan, Dennis Jun Jie Poon, Pek Lim Chu, Dewi Susanti, Pei Ling Tai, Monica Ryu, James Proudfoot, Eugenia Li Ling Yeo, Khee Chee Soo, Melvin L. K. Chua
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2024-12-01
Series:Cell Death and Disease
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-024-07316-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846100823678910464
author Chaw Yee Beh
Celestia Pei Xuan Yeo
Boon Hao Hong
Evelyn Mui Cheng Tan
Kah Min Tan
Dennis Jun Jie Poon
Pek Lim Chu
Dewi Susanti
Pei Ling Tai
Monica Ryu
James Proudfoot
Eugenia Li Ling Yeo
Khee Chee Soo
Melvin L. K. Chua
author_facet Chaw Yee Beh
Celestia Pei Xuan Yeo
Boon Hao Hong
Evelyn Mui Cheng Tan
Kah Min Tan
Dennis Jun Jie Poon
Pek Lim Chu
Dewi Susanti
Pei Ling Tai
Monica Ryu
James Proudfoot
Eugenia Li Ling Yeo
Khee Chee Soo
Melvin L. K. Chua
author_sort Chaw Yee Beh
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Radiotherapy is an integral modality in treating human cancers, but radioresistance remains a clinical challenge due to the involvement of multiple intrinsic cellular and extrinsic tumour microenvironment factors that govern radiosensitivity. To study the intrinsic factors that are associated with cancer radioresistance, we established 4 radioresistant prostate (22Rv1 and DU145) and head and neck cancer (FaDu and HK1) models by irradiating their wild-type parentals to 90 Gy, mimicking the fractionated radiotherapy schema that is often using in the clinic, and performed whole exome and transcriptome sequencing of the radioresistant and wild-type models. Comparative genomic analyses detected the enrichment of mismatch repair mutational signatures (SBS6, 14, 15, 20) across all the cell lines and several non-synonymous single nucleotide variants involved in pro-survival pathways. Despite significant inter-cell type heterogeneity of their transcriptomic profiles, 18 common dysregulated genes (5 upregulated and 13 downregulated) were identified across the 4 models, including the overexpression of bromo-adjacent homology domain containing 1 (BAHD1) gene, which is involved in heterochromatin formation. Interestingly, this coincided with our observation of increased histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) and histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) expression post-irradiation in our radioresistant cells. The dependency between BAHD1 and heterochromatin formation was confirmed by siRNA knockdown of BAHD1, indicating preferential reduction of H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 expression in the radioresistant cells, but not the wild-type parentals, and confirmed by clonogenic assays showing reversal of radioresistance post-siBAHD1 treatment. We further showed that inhibition of the BAHD1-heterochromatin formation axis led to reduced DNA double-strand break repair. Finally, analyses of treatment outcomes in 4 prostate and head and neck cancer radiotherapy cohorts suggested an increased risk of failures in tumours of high heterochromatin activity. Taken together, our results support a new model implicating BAHD1-dependent modulation of the heterochromatin in acquired radioresistance of prostate and head and neck cancers.
format Article
id doaj-art-45efbf55dfdb48129cce59c4f4f54a46
institution Kabale University
issn 2041-4889
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Nature Publishing Group
record_format Article
series Cell Death and Disease
spelling doaj-art-45efbf55dfdb48129cce59c4f4f54a462024-12-29T12:49:45ZengNature Publishing GroupCell Death and Disease2041-48892024-12-01151211310.1038/s41419-024-07316-yGenomic and transcriptomic profiling of radioresistant prostate and head and neck cancers implicate a BAHD1-dependent modification of DNA damage at the heterochromatinChaw Yee Beh0Celestia Pei Xuan Yeo1Boon Hao Hong2Evelyn Mui Cheng Tan3Kah Min Tan4Dennis Jun Jie Poon5Pek Lim Chu6Dewi Susanti7Pei Ling Tai8Monica Ryu9James Proudfoot10Eugenia Li Ling Yeo11Khee Chee Soo12Melvin L. K. Chua13Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeVeracyte, IncVeracyte, IncDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeDivision of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre SingaporeAbstract Radiotherapy is an integral modality in treating human cancers, but radioresistance remains a clinical challenge due to the involvement of multiple intrinsic cellular and extrinsic tumour microenvironment factors that govern radiosensitivity. To study the intrinsic factors that are associated with cancer radioresistance, we established 4 radioresistant prostate (22Rv1 and DU145) and head and neck cancer (FaDu and HK1) models by irradiating their wild-type parentals to 90 Gy, mimicking the fractionated radiotherapy schema that is often using in the clinic, and performed whole exome and transcriptome sequencing of the radioresistant and wild-type models. Comparative genomic analyses detected the enrichment of mismatch repair mutational signatures (SBS6, 14, 15, 20) across all the cell lines and several non-synonymous single nucleotide variants involved in pro-survival pathways. Despite significant inter-cell type heterogeneity of their transcriptomic profiles, 18 common dysregulated genes (5 upregulated and 13 downregulated) were identified across the 4 models, including the overexpression of bromo-adjacent homology domain containing 1 (BAHD1) gene, which is involved in heterochromatin formation. Interestingly, this coincided with our observation of increased histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) and histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) expression post-irradiation in our radioresistant cells. The dependency between BAHD1 and heterochromatin formation was confirmed by siRNA knockdown of BAHD1, indicating preferential reduction of H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 expression in the radioresistant cells, but not the wild-type parentals, and confirmed by clonogenic assays showing reversal of radioresistance post-siBAHD1 treatment. We further showed that inhibition of the BAHD1-heterochromatin formation axis led to reduced DNA double-strand break repair. Finally, analyses of treatment outcomes in 4 prostate and head and neck cancer radiotherapy cohorts suggested an increased risk of failures in tumours of high heterochromatin activity. Taken together, our results support a new model implicating BAHD1-dependent modulation of the heterochromatin in acquired radioresistance of prostate and head and neck cancers.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-024-07316-y
spellingShingle Chaw Yee Beh
Celestia Pei Xuan Yeo
Boon Hao Hong
Evelyn Mui Cheng Tan
Kah Min Tan
Dennis Jun Jie Poon
Pek Lim Chu
Dewi Susanti
Pei Ling Tai
Monica Ryu
James Proudfoot
Eugenia Li Ling Yeo
Khee Chee Soo
Melvin L. K. Chua
Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of radioresistant prostate and head and neck cancers implicate a BAHD1-dependent modification of DNA damage at the heterochromatin
Cell Death and Disease
title Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of radioresistant prostate and head and neck cancers implicate a BAHD1-dependent modification of DNA damage at the heterochromatin
title_full Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of radioresistant prostate and head and neck cancers implicate a BAHD1-dependent modification of DNA damage at the heterochromatin
title_fullStr Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of radioresistant prostate and head and neck cancers implicate a BAHD1-dependent modification of DNA damage at the heterochromatin
title_full_unstemmed Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of radioresistant prostate and head and neck cancers implicate a BAHD1-dependent modification of DNA damage at the heterochromatin
title_short Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of radioresistant prostate and head and neck cancers implicate a BAHD1-dependent modification of DNA damage at the heterochromatin
title_sort genomic and transcriptomic profiling of radioresistant prostate and head and neck cancers implicate a bahd1 dependent modification of dna damage at the heterochromatin
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-024-07316-y
work_keys_str_mv AT chawyeebeh genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT celestiapeixuanyeo genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT boonhaohong genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT evelynmuichengtan genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT kahmintan genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT dennisjunjiepoon genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT peklimchu genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT dewisusanti genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT peilingtai genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT monicaryu genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT jamesproudfoot genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT eugenialilingyeo genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT kheecheesoo genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin
AT melvinlkchua genomicandtranscriptomicprofilingofradioresistantprostateandheadandneckcancersimplicateabahd1dependentmodificationofdnadamageattheheterochromatin