Contribution of economic and nutritional context to overweight/obesity dynamics in Indian women from 1998 to 2016: a multilevel analysis of national survey data
Background Overweight/obesity increased dramatically among Indian women since 2000. We evaluated the independent contributions of economic and nutrition context to the changing distribution of overweight/obesity among women from 1998 to 2016 across India.Methods Individual-level data from 473 912 ev...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/12/e050598.full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846129741887700992 |
|---|---|
| author | K M Venkat Narayan Tinku Thomas Anura V Kurpad Shivani Patel Jeswin Baby Jithin Sam Varghese Shruthi Cyriac |
| author_facet | K M Venkat Narayan Tinku Thomas Anura V Kurpad Shivani Patel Jeswin Baby Jithin Sam Varghese Shruthi Cyriac |
| author_sort | K M Venkat Narayan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Overweight/obesity increased dramatically among Indian women since 2000. We evaluated the independent contributions of economic and nutrition context to the changing distribution of overweight/obesity among women from 1998 to 2016 across India.Methods Individual-level data from 473 912 ever married Indian women aged 18–49 in the National Family Health Surveys (1998–1999, 2005–2006, 2015–2016) were merged with year-matched state-level economic and nutrition context indicators. Cross-classified generalised linear mixed models were estimated to quantify associations of contextual characteristics with overweight/obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) across survey rounds.Results Between 1998 and 2016, age-standardised prevalence of overweight/obesity increased from 13.9% to 27.5% nationally at an annual growth rate of 0.8%. After accounting for a woman’s age, parity and social class, the adjusted OR (aOR) for overweight/obesity was 2.02 times higher for every unit of state log per capita gross domestic product (GDP) (95% credible interval (CrI) 2.00 to 2.03). Yet, the association of state GDP with overweight/obesity generally decreased over survey round. Women in states with higher per capita daily oil (aOR 1.02 per gram; 95% CrI 1.01 to 1.03) and sugar (aOR 1.05 per gram; 95% CrI 1.04 to 1.05) consumption were more likely to be overweight/obese, while women in states with higher cereal consumption were less likely to be overweight/obese (aOR 0.93 per 10 gram; 95% CrI 0.93 to 0.93).Conclusions Indicators of state economic development and nutrition transition were independently associated with a woman’s likelihood of being overweight/obese. The impact of state wealth waned over survey round, suggesting that risks for overweight/obesity may be increasingly shaped by individual factors as economic development expands in India. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4469db2ef8a047e59da92eb944acd253 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-4469db2ef8a047e59da92eb944acd2532024-12-09T20:25:10ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552021-12-01111210.1136/bmjopen-2021-050598Contribution of economic and nutritional context to overweight/obesity dynamics in Indian women from 1998 to 2016: a multilevel analysis of national survey dataK M Venkat Narayan0Tinku Thomas1Anura V Kurpad2Shivani Patel3Jeswin Baby4Jithin Sam Varghese5Shruthi Cyriac6Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USADivision of Biostatistics, St John`s Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, IndiaSt John`s Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Global Health and Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USADivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, St John’s Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, IndiaNutrition and Health Sciences Doctoral Program, Laney School of Graduate Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USANutrition and Health Sciences Doctoral Program, Laney School of Graduate Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USABackground Overweight/obesity increased dramatically among Indian women since 2000. We evaluated the independent contributions of economic and nutrition context to the changing distribution of overweight/obesity among women from 1998 to 2016 across India.Methods Individual-level data from 473 912 ever married Indian women aged 18–49 in the National Family Health Surveys (1998–1999, 2005–2006, 2015–2016) were merged with year-matched state-level economic and nutrition context indicators. Cross-classified generalised linear mixed models were estimated to quantify associations of contextual characteristics with overweight/obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) across survey rounds.Results Between 1998 and 2016, age-standardised prevalence of overweight/obesity increased from 13.9% to 27.5% nationally at an annual growth rate of 0.8%. After accounting for a woman’s age, parity and social class, the adjusted OR (aOR) for overweight/obesity was 2.02 times higher for every unit of state log per capita gross domestic product (GDP) (95% credible interval (CrI) 2.00 to 2.03). Yet, the association of state GDP with overweight/obesity generally decreased over survey round. Women in states with higher per capita daily oil (aOR 1.02 per gram; 95% CrI 1.01 to 1.03) and sugar (aOR 1.05 per gram; 95% CrI 1.04 to 1.05) consumption were more likely to be overweight/obese, while women in states with higher cereal consumption were less likely to be overweight/obese (aOR 0.93 per 10 gram; 95% CrI 0.93 to 0.93).Conclusions Indicators of state economic development and nutrition transition were independently associated with a woman’s likelihood of being overweight/obese. The impact of state wealth waned over survey round, suggesting that risks for overweight/obesity may be increasingly shaped by individual factors as economic development expands in India.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/12/e050598.full |
| spellingShingle | K M Venkat Narayan Tinku Thomas Anura V Kurpad Shivani Patel Jeswin Baby Jithin Sam Varghese Shruthi Cyriac Contribution of economic and nutritional context to overweight/obesity dynamics in Indian women from 1998 to 2016: a multilevel analysis of national survey data BMJ Open |
| title | Contribution of economic and nutritional context to overweight/obesity dynamics in Indian women from 1998 to 2016: a multilevel analysis of national survey data |
| title_full | Contribution of economic and nutritional context to overweight/obesity dynamics in Indian women from 1998 to 2016: a multilevel analysis of national survey data |
| title_fullStr | Contribution of economic and nutritional context to overweight/obesity dynamics in Indian women from 1998 to 2016: a multilevel analysis of national survey data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Contribution of economic and nutritional context to overweight/obesity dynamics in Indian women from 1998 to 2016: a multilevel analysis of national survey data |
| title_short | Contribution of economic and nutritional context to overweight/obesity dynamics in Indian women from 1998 to 2016: a multilevel analysis of national survey data |
| title_sort | contribution of economic and nutritional context to overweight obesity dynamics in indian women from 1998 to 2016 a multilevel analysis of national survey data |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/12/e050598.full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kmvenkatnarayan contributionofeconomicandnutritionalcontexttooverweightobesitydynamicsinindianwomenfrom1998to2016amultilevelanalysisofnationalsurveydata AT tinkuthomas contributionofeconomicandnutritionalcontexttooverweightobesitydynamicsinindianwomenfrom1998to2016amultilevelanalysisofnationalsurveydata AT anuravkurpad contributionofeconomicandnutritionalcontexttooverweightobesitydynamicsinindianwomenfrom1998to2016amultilevelanalysisofnationalsurveydata AT shivanipatel contributionofeconomicandnutritionalcontexttooverweightobesitydynamicsinindianwomenfrom1998to2016amultilevelanalysisofnationalsurveydata AT jeswinbaby contributionofeconomicandnutritionalcontexttooverweightobesitydynamicsinindianwomenfrom1998to2016amultilevelanalysisofnationalsurveydata AT jithinsamvarghese contributionofeconomicandnutritionalcontexttooverweightobesitydynamicsinindianwomenfrom1998to2016amultilevelanalysisofnationalsurveydata AT shruthicyriac contributionofeconomicandnutritionalcontexttooverweightobesitydynamicsinindianwomenfrom1998to2016amultilevelanalysisofnationalsurveydata |