Measuring Methane Slip from LNG Engines with Different Devices
When using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as fuel for shipping, the sulphur emissions are negligible and low NO<sub>x</sub> and particle emissions can be reached together with lower CO<sub>2</sub> emissions compared to diesel-based fuels. The drawback of LNG usage is the unburne...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/890 |
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| author | Kati Lehtoranta Hannu Vesala Niklas Flygare Niina Kuittinen Anni-Rosa Apilainen |
| author_facet | Kati Lehtoranta Hannu Vesala Niklas Flygare Niina Kuittinen Anni-Rosa Apilainen |
| author_sort | Kati Lehtoranta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | When using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as fuel for shipping, the sulphur emissions are negligible and low NO<sub>x</sub> and particle emissions can be reached together with lower CO<sub>2</sub> emissions compared to diesel-based fuels. The drawback of LNG usage is the unburned fuel, i.e., methane can be found in the exhaust. Reliable emission detection and quantification will play a key role, as methane is also becoming regulated. In this study, different methods to measure methane are studied in the engine laboratory and on board with state-of-the-art engines. Four different measurement methods are found to give similar methane results with few exceptions. Measurements performed downstream of the methane abatement catalyst show that all instruments could detect the methane conversion efficiency to be above 95%. Comparing results from onboard studies to earlier published onboard studies with similar engines indicate that the engine (46 DF) behaved rather similarly, and the measurements carried out at different occasions on board by different devices and parties gave similar results. To measure total hydrocarbons, a flame ionization detector (FID) has generally been the accepted method (e.g., in NO<sub>x</sub> Technical Code). Based on this study, other methods as reliable as FID for methane measurement exist and these methods can also be utilized on board. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-43a2f1fdbc6d4065ad8cddf7e5630b21 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-43a2f1fdbc6d4065ad8cddf7e5630b212025-08-20T03:48:01ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-04-0113589010.3390/jmse13050890Measuring Methane Slip from LNG Engines with Different DevicesKati Lehtoranta0Hannu Vesala1Niklas Flygare2Niina Kuittinen3Anni-Rosa Apilainen4VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044 Espoo, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044 Espoo, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044 Espoo, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044 Espoo, FinlandVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044 Espoo, FinlandWhen using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as fuel for shipping, the sulphur emissions are negligible and low NO<sub>x</sub> and particle emissions can be reached together with lower CO<sub>2</sub> emissions compared to diesel-based fuels. The drawback of LNG usage is the unburned fuel, i.e., methane can be found in the exhaust. Reliable emission detection and quantification will play a key role, as methane is also becoming regulated. In this study, different methods to measure methane are studied in the engine laboratory and on board with state-of-the-art engines. Four different measurement methods are found to give similar methane results with few exceptions. Measurements performed downstream of the methane abatement catalyst show that all instruments could detect the methane conversion efficiency to be above 95%. Comparing results from onboard studies to earlier published onboard studies with similar engines indicate that the engine (46 DF) behaved rather similarly, and the measurements carried out at different occasions on board by different devices and parties gave similar results. To measure total hydrocarbons, a flame ionization detector (FID) has generally been the accepted method (e.g., in NO<sub>x</sub> Technical Code). Based on this study, other methods as reliable as FID for methane measurement exist and these methods can also be utilized on board.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/890methane slipLNGmarine engineemission measurement |
| spellingShingle | Kati Lehtoranta Hannu Vesala Niklas Flygare Niina Kuittinen Anni-Rosa Apilainen Measuring Methane Slip from LNG Engines with Different Devices Journal of Marine Science and Engineering methane slip LNG marine engine emission measurement |
| title | Measuring Methane Slip from LNG Engines with Different Devices |
| title_full | Measuring Methane Slip from LNG Engines with Different Devices |
| title_fullStr | Measuring Methane Slip from LNG Engines with Different Devices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measuring Methane Slip from LNG Engines with Different Devices |
| title_short | Measuring Methane Slip from LNG Engines with Different Devices |
| title_sort | measuring methane slip from lng engines with different devices |
| topic | methane slip LNG marine engine emission measurement |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/890 |
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