Phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinus

This study assessed leaves extract from Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinus plants for their phytochemical content and in-vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. The DPPH bioassay for antioxidants, MTT bioassay for anticancer, measurement of t...

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Main Authors: Mosisa Dejene, Aman Dekebo, Kero Jemal, H. C. Ananda Murthy, S. Giridhar Reddy
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/17518253.2024.2438069
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author Mosisa Dejene
Aman Dekebo
Kero Jemal
H. C. Ananda Murthy
S. Giridhar Reddy
author_facet Mosisa Dejene
Aman Dekebo
Kero Jemal
H. C. Ananda Murthy
S. Giridhar Reddy
author_sort Mosisa Dejene
collection DOAJ
description This study assessed leaves extract from Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinus plants for their phytochemical content and in-vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. The DPPH bioassay for antioxidants, MTT bioassay for anticancer, measurement of the inhibition of albumin-denaturation, and anti-proteinase for anti-inflammatory activities methods were used. The result of phytochemical-screening tests confirmed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins in plants. The three plants exhibited IC50 (μg mL−1) for radical – scavenging activities at a concentration 10–30 μg mL−1 which was higher than that of the positive control ascorbic acid. Chloroform/methanol (1:1) S. rosmarinus leaves extract showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity against albumin-denaturation with an IC50 value of 0.58 μg mL−1, followed-by chloroform/methanol (1:1) V. amygdalina leaves extract with an IC50 value of 0.81μg mL−1 [positive control aspirin (IC50 value of 4.59 μg mL−1)]. Both plants’ chloroform/methanol (1:1) extracts demonstrated higher inhibitory activity against proteinase than aspirin. The three plants were tested for anti-cervical-cancer activity at 1250 μg mL−1 concentration. All the plants showed the strong anti-proliferative effects on continuous cell culture of HeLa cells line. The plants that were studied scientifically have provided support for the traditional-therapists’ claim of anticancer activity.
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spelling doaj-art-4318f2253e534db18e7652eab33d67f22024-12-17T22:35:39ZengTaylor & Francis GroupGreen Chemistry Letters and Reviews1751-82531751-71922025-12-0118110.1080/17518253.2024.2438069Phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinusMosisa Dejene0Aman Dekebo1Kero Jemal2H. C. Ananda Murthy3S. Giridhar Reddy4Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Sciences, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, EthiopiaDepartment of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Sciences, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, EthiopiaDepartment of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Sciences, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, EthiopiaDepartment of Applied Sciences, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Papua New GuineaDepartment of Chemistry, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Bengaluru, IndiaThis study assessed leaves extract from Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinus plants for their phytochemical content and in-vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. The DPPH bioassay for antioxidants, MTT bioassay for anticancer, measurement of the inhibition of albumin-denaturation, and anti-proteinase for anti-inflammatory activities methods were used. The result of phytochemical-screening tests confirmed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins in plants. The three plants exhibited IC50 (μg mL−1) for radical – scavenging activities at a concentration 10–30 μg mL−1 which was higher than that of the positive control ascorbic acid. Chloroform/methanol (1:1) S. rosmarinus leaves extract showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity against albumin-denaturation with an IC50 value of 0.58 μg mL−1, followed-by chloroform/methanol (1:1) V. amygdalina leaves extract with an IC50 value of 0.81μg mL−1 [positive control aspirin (IC50 value of 4.59 μg mL−1)]. Both plants’ chloroform/methanol (1:1) extracts demonstrated higher inhibitory activity against proteinase than aspirin. The three plants were tested for anti-cervical-cancer activity at 1250 μg mL−1 concentration. All the plants showed the strong anti-proliferative effects on continuous cell culture of HeLa cells line. The plants that were studied scientifically have provided support for the traditional-therapists’ claim of anticancer activity.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/17518253.2024.2438069AnticancerAnti-inflammatoryOtostegia integrifoliaSalvia rosmarinusVernonia amygdalina
spellingShingle Mosisa Dejene
Aman Dekebo
Kero Jemal
H. C. Ananda Murthy
S. Giridhar Reddy
Phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinus
Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews
Anticancer
Anti-inflammatory
Otostegia integrifolia
Salvia rosmarinus
Vernonia amygdalina
title Phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinus
title_full Phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinus
title_fullStr Phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinus
title_full_unstemmed Phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinus
title_short Phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina, Otostegia integrifolia, and Salvia rosmarinus
title_sort phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti oxidant anti inflammatory and anticancer activities of leaves of vernonia amygdalina otostegia integrifolia and salvia rosmarinus
topic Anticancer
Anti-inflammatory
Otostegia integrifolia
Salvia rosmarinus
Vernonia amygdalina
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/17518253.2024.2438069
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