Micromorphological features of brown rotted wood revealed by broad argon ion beam milling
Abstract Brown rot fungi, the major decomposers in the boreal coniferous forests, cause a unique wood decay pattern but many aspects of brown rot decay mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, decayed wood samples were prepared by cultivation of the brown rot fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum and Coniopho...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83578-y |
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| author | Rikako Tsukida Tomohiro Hatano Yuka Kojima Satoshi Nakaba Yoshiki Horikawa Ryo Funada Barry Goodell Makoto Yoshida |
| author_facet | Rikako Tsukida Tomohiro Hatano Yuka Kojima Satoshi Nakaba Yoshiki Horikawa Ryo Funada Barry Goodell Makoto Yoshida |
| author_sort | Rikako Tsukida |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Brown rot fungi, the major decomposers in the boreal coniferous forests, cause a unique wood decay pattern but many aspects of brown rot decay mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, decayed wood samples were prepared by cultivation of the brown rot fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum and Coniophora puteana on Japanese coniferous wood of Cryptomeria japonica, and the cutting planes were prepared using broad ion beam (BIB) milling, which enables observation of intact wood, in addition to traditional microtome sections. Samples were observed using field-emission SEM revealing that areas inside the end walls of ray parenchyma cells were the first to be degraded. Osmium reaction precipitates were observed in the degraded regions, as well as in plasmodesmata. In the cell wall where ray parenchyma cells contacted with the tracheids, specific degradation of cross-field pits and hyphal elongation into this area was observed in degradation by both fungi. Other pit types were also degraded as noted in previous studies. Delamination between the S1 and S2 layers of tracheids, and cracks in the tracheid cell walls were observed. These findings provide new insights into the cell wall degradation mechanisms during the incipient stages of brown rot decay. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-42bb9f07e5f84cdc9c6dab99e881e94c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-42bb9f07e5f84cdc9c6dab99e881e94c2025-01-05T12:25:57ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-0114111110.1038/s41598-024-83578-yMicromorphological features of brown rotted wood revealed by broad argon ion beam millingRikako Tsukida0Tomohiro Hatano1Yuka Kojima2Satoshi Nakaba3Yoshiki Horikawa4Ryo Funada5Barry Goodell6Makoto Yoshida7United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFaculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyDepartment of Microbiology, University of MassachusettsUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyAbstract Brown rot fungi, the major decomposers in the boreal coniferous forests, cause a unique wood decay pattern but many aspects of brown rot decay mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, decayed wood samples were prepared by cultivation of the brown rot fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum and Coniophora puteana on Japanese coniferous wood of Cryptomeria japonica, and the cutting planes were prepared using broad ion beam (BIB) milling, which enables observation of intact wood, in addition to traditional microtome sections. Samples were observed using field-emission SEM revealing that areas inside the end walls of ray parenchyma cells were the first to be degraded. Osmium reaction precipitates were observed in the degraded regions, as well as in plasmodesmata. In the cell wall where ray parenchyma cells contacted with the tracheids, specific degradation of cross-field pits and hyphal elongation into this area was observed in degradation by both fungi. Other pit types were also degraded as noted in previous studies. Delamination between the S1 and S2 layers of tracheids, and cracks in the tracheid cell walls were observed. These findings provide new insights into the cell wall degradation mechanisms during the incipient stages of brown rot decay.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83578-yWood degradationBrown rot fungiBroad ion beam millingRay parenchyma cellsTracheids |
| spellingShingle | Rikako Tsukida Tomohiro Hatano Yuka Kojima Satoshi Nakaba Yoshiki Horikawa Ryo Funada Barry Goodell Makoto Yoshida Micromorphological features of brown rotted wood revealed by broad argon ion beam milling Scientific Reports Wood degradation Brown rot fungi Broad ion beam milling Ray parenchyma cells Tracheids |
| title | Micromorphological features of brown rotted wood revealed by broad argon ion beam milling |
| title_full | Micromorphological features of brown rotted wood revealed by broad argon ion beam milling |
| title_fullStr | Micromorphological features of brown rotted wood revealed by broad argon ion beam milling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Micromorphological features of brown rotted wood revealed by broad argon ion beam milling |
| title_short | Micromorphological features of brown rotted wood revealed by broad argon ion beam milling |
| title_sort | micromorphological features of brown rotted wood revealed by broad argon ion beam milling |
| topic | Wood degradation Brown rot fungi Broad ion beam milling Ray parenchyma cells Tracheids |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83578-y |
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