Genomics reveal local skin immune response key to control sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica)
Abstract Background Sarcoptic mange is an emerging and neglected contagious skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, affecting humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Mange is the main disease and a major concern for the management and conservation of populations of Iberian ibex (Capra pyr...
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| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Genomics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10999-4 |
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| author | Arián Ráez-Bravo José Enrique Granados José Espinosa Lara Nonell Emmanuel Serrano Eulàlia Puigdecanet Marta Bódalo Jesús M. Pérez Ramón C. Soriguer Francisco Javier Cano-Manuel Paulino Fandos Jorge Ramón López-Olvera |
| author_facet | Arián Ráez-Bravo José Enrique Granados José Espinosa Lara Nonell Emmanuel Serrano Eulàlia Puigdecanet Marta Bódalo Jesús M. Pérez Ramón C. Soriguer Francisco Javier Cano-Manuel Paulino Fandos Jorge Ramón López-Olvera |
| author_sort | Arián Ráez-Bravo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Sarcoptic mange is an emerging and neglected contagious skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, affecting humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Mange is the main disease and a major concern for the management and conservation of populations of Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica), a medium-sized mountain ungulate endemic to the Iberian Peninsula and Northern Pyrenees. Differences in host-parasite interaction and host immune response determine mange clinical outcome, but little is known about the related differences in gene expression. This study determined blood and skin gene expressions in S. scabiei-experimentally infested Iberian ibexes. Results Infestation with S. scabiei promoted immune and inflammatory genomic responses both in skin and blood, with two different clinical outcomes: either severe infestation or recovery. Sarcoptes scabiei induced local skin immunosuppression to favour its multiplication and establishment of the infestation in the host. Skin gene expression was mostly inflammatory and inefficient to control mange in the severely infected ibexes. Conversely, the immune skin response of the recovered ibexes effectively recognised S. scabiei and activated T-cells, limiting the infestation. Consequently, inflammation-related genes were more expressed in the blood of the severely infested ibexes than in those that recovered. Conclusions The results demonstrate that skin local cellular immune response is key to control sarcoptic mange and prevent the systemic spread of the disease and the associated inflammatory response. These results will be useful to understand the pathogenesis and drivers of the differential outcome of mange at individual scale, and the population and ecological consequences of such variability in Iberian ibex, as well as in other wildlife species, domestic animals, and humans. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-41ca161c9c9148a88873c17ae6f14f07 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Genomics |
| spelling | doaj-art-41ca161c9c9148a88873c17ae6f14f072024-12-01T12:11:28ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642024-11-0125111410.1186/s12864-024-10999-4Genomics reveal local skin immune response key to control sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica)Arián Ráez-Bravo0José Enrique Granados1José Espinosa2Lara Nonell3Emmanuel Serrano4Eulàlia Puigdecanet5Marta Bódalo6Jesús M. Pérez7Ramón C. Soriguer8Francisco Javier Cano-Manuel9Paulino FandosJorge Ramón López-Olvera10Wildlife Ecology & Health research group (WE&H) and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)Wildlife Ecology & Health research group (WE&H) and Espacio Natural Sierra NevadaDepartamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC‐ULE), Universidad de LeónMARGenomics, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques)Wildlife Ecology & Health research group (WE&H) and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)MARGenomics, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques)MARGenomics, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques)Wildlife Ecology & Health research group and Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de JaénEstación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC)Wildlife Ecology & Health research group (WE&H) and Espacio Natural Sierra NevadaWildlife Ecology & Health research group (WE&H) and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)Abstract Background Sarcoptic mange is an emerging and neglected contagious skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, affecting humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Mange is the main disease and a major concern for the management and conservation of populations of Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica), a medium-sized mountain ungulate endemic to the Iberian Peninsula and Northern Pyrenees. Differences in host-parasite interaction and host immune response determine mange clinical outcome, but little is known about the related differences in gene expression. This study determined blood and skin gene expressions in S. scabiei-experimentally infested Iberian ibexes. Results Infestation with S. scabiei promoted immune and inflammatory genomic responses both in skin and blood, with two different clinical outcomes: either severe infestation or recovery. Sarcoptes scabiei induced local skin immunosuppression to favour its multiplication and establishment of the infestation in the host. Skin gene expression was mostly inflammatory and inefficient to control mange in the severely infected ibexes. Conversely, the immune skin response of the recovered ibexes effectively recognised S. scabiei and activated T-cells, limiting the infestation. Consequently, inflammation-related genes were more expressed in the blood of the severely infested ibexes than in those that recovered. Conclusions The results demonstrate that skin local cellular immune response is key to control sarcoptic mange and prevent the systemic spread of the disease and the associated inflammatory response. These results will be useful to understand the pathogenesis and drivers of the differential outcome of mange at individual scale, and the population and ecological consequences of such variability in Iberian ibex, as well as in other wildlife species, domestic animals, and humans.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10999-4Gene expressionGene set enrichment analysisGenomic responseImmune responseMicroarraySarcoptes scabiei |
| spellingShingle | Arián Ráez-Bravo José Enrique Granados José Espinosa Lara Nonell Emmanuel Serrano Eulàlia Puigdecanet Marta Bódalo Jesús M. Pérez Ramón C. Soriguer Francisco Javier Cano-Manuel Paulino Fandos Jorge Ramón López-Olvera Genomics reveal local skin immune response key to control sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) BMC Genomics Gene expression Gene set enrichment analysis Genomic response Immune response Microarray Sarcoptes scabiei |
| title | Genomics reveal local skin immune response key to control sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) |
| title_full | Genomics reveal local skin immune response key to control sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) |
| title_fullStr | Genomics reveal local skin immune response key to control sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genomics reveal local skin immune response key to control sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) |
| title_short | Genomics reveal local skin immune response key to control sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) |
| title_sort | genomics reveal local skin immune response key to control sarcoptic mange in iberian ibex capra pyrenaica |
| topic | Gene expression Gene set enrichment analysis Genomic response Immune response Microarray Sarcoptes scabiei |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10999-4 |
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