Incidence of blindness in open-angle glaucoma in Sweden: a long-term follow-up study
Background: Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. There are no prospective studies on the risk of developing blindness in both eyes in individuals with definite OAG. Methods: A total of 354 patients with newly diagnosed OAG, who had participated in four studies cond...
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Upsala Medical Society
2024-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://ujms.net/index.php/ujms/article/view/10664/17925 |
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| author | Curt Ekström Christoffer Carlsson |
| author_facet | Curt Ekström Christoffer Carlsson |
| author_sort | Curt Ekström |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. There are no prospective studies on the risk of developing blindness in both eyes in individuals with definite OAG. Methods: A total of 354 patients with newly diagnosed OAG, who had participated in four studies conducted at the Eye Department in Tierp, Sweden, from 1979 to 2006, were included in the investigation. Using the World Health Organization’s criteria for blindness, medical records, glaucoma case records, and visual fields were reviewed to identify patients who developed bilateral blindness. Incidence proportions and incidence rates were estimated. To assess potential risk factors for blindness, standardised morbidity ratios (SMRs) were calculated. The effects of age and sex were also analysed using Cox proportional hazard models. Results: By the end of the study in August 2023, 33 cases of blindness caused by OAG had been found, corresponding to an incidence proportion of 9.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.5–12.8%). Within the first 20 years, 29 cases were detected, yielding a proportion of 8.2% (95% CI: 5.5–11.6%). The incidence rate was estimated to be 8.6 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI: 5.9–12.6 per 1,000 person-years). Glaucoma-related blindness was associated with male sex (SMR 2.33; 95% CI: 1.13–4.80). The hazard ratio was doubled for every 5 year of increasing age (2.21; 95% CI: 1.60–3.05). Conclusion: In this study of blindness in newly diagnosed OAG in a Swedish population, approximately one in 10 patients progressed to bilateral blindness caused by the disease. Old age and male sex were identified as significant risk factors. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-416122c4e74f4edc9e16fb24b976c179 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0300-9734 2000-1967 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Upsala Medical Society |
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| series | Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-416122c4e74f4edc9e16fb24b976c1792024-11-09T09:40:36ZengUpsala Medical SocietyUpsala Journal of Medical Sciences0300-97342000-19672024-10-011291510.48101/ujms.v129.1066410664Incidence of blindness in open-angle glaucoma in Sweden: a long-term follow-up studyCurt Ekström0Christoffer Carlsson1Department of Surgical Sciences, Ophthalmology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Ophthalmology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenBackground: Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. There are no prospective studies on the risk of developing blindness in both eyes in individuals with definite OAG. Methods: A total of 354 patients with newly diagnosed OAG, who had participated in four studies conducted at the Eye Department in Tierp, Sweden, from 1979 to 2006, were included in the investigation. Using the World Health Organization’s criteria for blindness, medical records, glaucoma case records, and visual fields were reviewed to identify patients who developed bilateral blindness. Incidence proportions and incidence rates were estimated. To assess potential risk factors for blindness, standardised morbidity ratios (SMRs) were calculated. The effects of age and sex were also analysed using Cox proportional hazard models. Results: By the end of the study in August 2023, 33 cases of blindness caused by OAG had been found, corresponding to an incidence proportion of 9.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.5–12.8%). Within the first 20 years, 29 cases were detected, yielding a proportion of 8.2% (95% CI: 5.5–11.6%). The incidence rate was estimated to be 8.6 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI: 5.9–12.6 per 1,000 person-years). Glaucoma-related blindness was associated with male sex (SMR 2.33; 95% CI: 1.13–4.80). The hazard ratio was doubled for every 5 year of increasing age (2.21; 95% CI: 1.60–3.05). Conclusion: In this study of blindness in newly diagnosed OAG in a Swedish population, approximately one in 10 patients progressed to bilateral blindness caused by the disease. Old age and male sex were identified as significant risk factors.https://ujms.net/index.php/ujms/article/view/10664/17925blindnesscohort studyepidemiologyhealth caremale sexopen-angle glaucomapseudoexfoliationrisk factor |
| spellingShingle | Curt Ekström Christoffer Carlsson Incidence of blindness in open-angle glaucoma in Sweden: a long-term follow-up study Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences blindness cohort study epidemiology health care male sex open-angle glaucoma pseudoexfoliation risk factor |
| title | Incidence of blindness in open-angle glaucoma in Sweden: a long-term follow-up study |
| title_full | Incidence of blindness in open-angle glaucoma in Sweden: a long-term follow-up study |
| title_fullStr | Incidence of blindness in open-angle glaucoma in Sweden: a long-term follow-up study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incidence of blindness in open-angle glaucoma in Sweden: a long-term follow-up study |
| title_short | Incidence of blindness in open-angle glaucoma in Sweden: a long-term follow-up study |
| title_sort | incidence of blindness in open angle glaucoma in sweden a long term follow up study |
| topic | blindness cohort study epidemiology health care male sex open-angle glaucoma pseudoexfoliation risk factor |
| url | https://ujms.net/index.php/ujms/article/view/10664/17925 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT curtekstrom incidenceofblindnessinopenangleglaucomainswedenalongtermfollowupstudy AT christoffercarlsson incidenceofblindnessinopenangleglaucomainswedenalongtermfollowupstudy |