Light Energy Use Efficiency in Photosystem II of Tomato Is Related to Leaf Age and Light Intensity
The fundamental key to increase photosynthetic efficiency of crop plants lies in optimizing the light energy use efficiency. In our study, we used tomato to evaluate the allocation of absorbed light energy in young and mature leaves, and to estimate if the extent of photoinhibition and photoprotecti...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-11-01
|
| Series: | Crops |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7655/4/4/43 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846105128347631616 |
|---|---|
| author | Julietta Moustaka Ilektra Sperdouli Michael Moustakas |
| author_facet | Julietta Moustaka Ilektra Sperdouli Michael Moustakas |
| author_sort | Julietta Moustaka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The fundamental key to increase photosynthetic efficiency of crop plants lies in optimizing the light energy use efficiency. In our study, we used tomato to evaluate the allocation of absorbed light energy in young and mature leaves, and to estimate if the extent of photoinhibition and photoprotection can be affected by the leaf age. A reduced efficiency of the oxygen-evolving complex, in young leaves compared to mature ones, resulted in a donor-side photoinhibition, as judged from the significantly lower F<i>v</i>/F<i>m</i> ratio, in young leaves. The detected increased <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> production in young leaves was probably due to a donor-side photoinhibition. The effective quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry (Φ<i><sub>PSII</sub></i>), at low light intensity (LLI, 426 μmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>), was significantly lower in young compared to mature leaves. Moreover, the non-significant increase in non-photochemical energy loss in PSII (Φ<i><sub>NPQ</sub></i>) could not counteract the decreased Φ<i><sub>PSII</sub></i>, and as a result the non-regulated energy loss in PSII (Φ<i><sub>NO</sub></i>) increased in young leaves, compared to mature ones. The significantly lower Φ<i><sub>PSII</sub></i> in young leaves can be attributed to the increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) creation that diminished the efficiency of the open PSII reaction centers (F<i>v</i>’/F<i>m</i>’), but without having any impact on the fraction of the open reaction centers. The reduced excess excitation energy, in mature leaves compared to young ones, at LLI, also revealed an enhanced PSII efficiency of mature leaves. However, there was almost no difference in the light energy use efficiency between young and mature leaves at the high light intensity (HLI, 1000 μmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>). The ability of mature tomato leaves to constrain photoinhibition is possible related to an enhanced photosynthetic function and a better growth rate. We concluded that the light energy use efficiency in tomato leaves is influenced by both the leaf age and the light intensity. Furthermore, the degrees of photoinhibition and photoprotection are related to the leaf developmental stage. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-403448e7ee3a4e0c998abdc75b23da81 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-7655 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crops |
| spelling | doaj-art-403448e7ee3a4e0c998abdc75b23da812024-12-27T14:19:31ZengMDPI AGCrops2673-76552024-11-014462363510.3390/crops4040043Light Energy Use Efficiency in Photosystem II of Tomato Is Related to Leaf Age and Light IntensityJulietta Moustaka0Ilektra Sperdouli1Michael Moustakas2Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceInstitute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-Demeter (ELGO-Demeter), 57001 Thessaloniki, GreeceDepartment of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceThe fundamental key to increase photosynthetic efficiency of crop plants lies in optimizing the light energy use efficiency. In our study, we used tomato to evaluate the allocation of absorbed light energy in young and mature leaves, and to estimate if the extent of photoinhibition and photoprotection can be affected by the leaf age. A reduced efficiency of the oxygen-evolving complex, in young leaves compared to mature ones, resulted in a donor-side photoinhibition, as judged from the significantly lower F<i>v</i>/F<i>m</i> ratio, in young leaves. The detected increased <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> production in young leaves was probably due to a donor-side photoinhibition. The effective quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry (Φ<i><sub>PSII</sub></i>), at low light intensity (LLI, 426 μmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>), was significantly lower in young compared to mature leaves. Moreover, the non-significant increase in non-photochemical energy loss in PSII (Φ<i><sub>NPQ</sub></i>) could not counteract the decreased Φ<i><sub>PSII</sub></i>, and as a result the non-regulated energy loss in PSII (Φ<i><sub>NO</sub></i>) increased in young leaves, compared to mature ones. The significantly lower Φ<i><sub>PSII</sub></i> in young leaves can be attributed to the increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) creation that diminished the efficiency of the open PSII reaction centers (F<i>v</i>’/F<i>m</i>’), but without having any impact on the fraction of the open reaction centers. The reduced excess excitation energy, in mature leaves compared to young ones, at LLI, also revealed an enhanced PSII efficiency of mature leaves. However, there was almost no difference in the light energy use efficiency between young and mature leaves at the high light intensity (HLI, 1000 μmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>). The ability of mature tomato leaves to constrain photoinhibition is possible related to an enhanced photosynthetic function and a better growth rate. We concluded that the light energy use efficiency in tomato leaves is influenced by both the leaf age and the light intensity. Furthermore, the degrees of photoinhibition and photoprotection are related to the leaf developmental stage.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7655/4/4/43chlorophyll fluorescence imagingeffective quantum yield of PSIIexcess excitation energysinglet oxygenphotoinhibitionphotoprotective heat dissipation |
| spellingShingle | Julietta Moustaka Ilektra Sperdouli Michael Moustakas Light Energy Use Efficiency in Photosystem II of Tomato Is Related to Leaf Age and Light Intensity Crops chlorophyll fluorescence imaging effective quantum yield of PSII excess excitation energy singlet oxygen photoinhibition photoprotective heat dissipation |
| title | Light Energy Use Efficiency in Photosystem II of Tomato Is Related to Leaf Age and Light Intensity |
| title_full | Light Energy Use Efficiency in Photosystem II of Tomato Is Related to Leaf Age and Light Intensity |
| title_fullStr | Light Energy Use Efficiency in Photosystem II of Tomato Is Related to Leaf Age and Light Intensity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Light Energy Use Efficiency in Photosystem II of Tomato Is Related to Leaf Age and Light Intensity |
| title_short | Light Energy Use Efficiency in Photosystem II of Tomato Is Related to Leaf Age and Light Intensity |
| title_sort | light energy use efficiency in photosystem ii of tomato is related to leaf age and light intensity |
| topic | chlorophyll fluorescence imaging effective quantum yield of PSII excess excitation energy singlet oxygen photoinhibition photoprotective heat dissipation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7655/4/4/43 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT juliettamoustaka lightenergyuseefficiencyinphotosystemiioftomatoisrelatedtoleafageandlightintensity AT ilektrasperdouli lightenergyuseefficiencyinphotosystemiioftomatoisrelatedtoleafageandlightintensity AT michaelmoustakas lightenergyuseefficiencyinphotosystemiioftomatoisrelatedtoleafageandlightintensity |