GLUT-1 and Carbonic Anhydrase IX Immunoexpression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy and represents more than 91.5% of all oral malignancies. glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), a glucose transporter, increases the intake of glucose for use in aerobic glycolysis for quick cell division. Another protein that...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Medical Journal of Babylon |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_710_23 |
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| _version_ | 1849321308418998272 |
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| author | Abeer Salah Salman Layla Sabri Yas |
| author_facet | Abeer Salah Salman Layla Sabri Yas |
| author_sort | Abeer Salah Salman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy and represents more than 91.5% of all oral malignancies. glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), a glucose transporter, increases the intake of glucose for use in aerobic glycolysis for quick cell division. Another protein that helps tumor cells survive is carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the expression of GLUT-1 and CAIX in OSCC patients and determine how these proteins’ expression correlated with histopathological grading and clinical staging. Materials and Methods: 24 specimens of OSCC were carefully chosen during the period of 2014–2017. Histological grade and TNM (T: tumor, N: extent of spread to the lymph node, M: presence of metastasis) clinical staging were done. The immunohistochemistry procedure was completed by the ordinary procedure for paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. Results: The clinical stage of OSCC was observed to significantly correlate with the expression of GLUT-1 and CAIX (P = 0.043 and P = 0.007, respectively), whereas an insignificant correlation of these proteins with histopathological grade was observed. Stage IV patients have higher GLUT-1 expression. This expression was mainly observed in the membrane and cytoplasm of tumor cells. Regarding CAIX, the majority of tumor cells have combined nucleus and cytoplasmic staining. Conclusion: Positive expression of GLUT-1 and CAIX relates significantly to pTNM staging and insignificantly to histological grade of OSCC. As a result, the expression of GLUT-1 may be used as a biomarker for those who have OSCC. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3fdfcfe4f6f34ca9b0ee89b8d2cf0a68 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1812-156X 2312-6760 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medical Journal of Babylon |
| spelling | doaj-art-3fdfcfe4f6f34ca9b0ee89b8d2cf0a682025-08-20T03:49:46ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsMedical Journal of Babylon1812-156X2312-67602025-01-0122112913510.4103/MJBL.MJBL_710_23GLUT-1 and Carbonic Anhydrase IX Immunoexpression in Oral Squamous Cell CarcinomaAbeer Salah SalmanLayla Sabri YasBackground: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy and represents more than 91.5% of all oral malignancies. glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), a glucose transporter, increases the intake of glucose for use in aerobic glycolysis for quick cell division. Another protein that helps tumor cells survive is carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the expression of GLUT-1 and CAIX in OSCC patients and determine how these proteins’ expression correlated with histopathological grading and clinical staging. Materials and Methods: 24 specimens of OSCC were carefully chosen during the period of 2014–2017. Histological grade and TNM (T: tumor, N: extent of spread to the lymph node, M: presence of metastasis) clinical staging were done. The immunohistochemistry procedure was completed by the ordinary procedure for paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. Results: The clinical stage of OSCC was observed to significantly correlate with the expression of GLUT-1 and CAIX (P = 0.043 and P = 0.007, respectively), whereas an insignificant correlation of these proteins with histopathological grade was observed. Stage IV patients have higher GLUT-1 expression. This expression was mainly observed in the membrane and cytoplasm of tumor cells. Regarding CAIX, the majority of tumor cells have combined nucleus and cytoplasmic staining. Conclusion: Positive expression of GLUT-1 and CAIX relates significantly to pTNM staging and insignificantly to histological grade of OSCC. As a result, the expression of GLUT-1 may be used as a biomarker for those who have OSCC.https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_710_23caixglut-1immunohistochemistrysquamous cell carcinoma |
| spellingShingle | Abeer Salah Salman Layla Sabri Yas GLUT-1 and Carbonic Anhydrase IX Immunoexpression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Medical Journal of Babylon caix glut-1 immunohistochemistry squamous cell carcinoma |
| title | GLUT-1 and Carbonic Anhydrase IX Immunoexpression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full | GLUT-1 and Carbonic Anhydrase IX Immunoexpression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | GLUT-1 and Carbonic Anhydrase IX Immunoexpression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | GLUT-1 and Carbonic Anhydrase IX Immunoexpression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_short | GLUT-1 and Carbonic Anhydrase IX Immunoexpression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_sort | glut 1 and carbonic anhydrase ix immunoexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| topic | caix glut-1 immunohistochemistry squamous cell carcinoma |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_710_23 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT abeersalahsalman glut1andcarbonicanhydraseiximmunoexpressioninoralsquamouscellcarcinoma AT laylasabriyas glut1andcarbonicanhydraseiximmunoexpressioninoralsquamouscellcarcinoma |