Exploring Novel Fungal–Bacterial Consortia for Enhanced Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation
Bioremediation, involving the strategic use of microorganisms, has proven to be a cost-effective alternative for restoring areas impacted by persistent contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this context, the aim of this study was to explore hydrocarbon-degrading microbial...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| author | João Paulo Silva Monteiro André Felipe da Silva Rubens Tadeu Delgado Duarte Admir José Giachini |
| author_facet | João Paulo Silva Monteiro André Felipe da Silva Rubens Tadeu Delgado Duarte Admir José Giachini |
| author_sort | João Paulo Silva Monteiro |
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| description | Bioremediation, involving the strategic use of microorganisms, has proven to be a cost-effective alternative for restoring areas impacted by persistent contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this context, the aim of this study was to explore hydrocarbon-degrading microbial consortia by prospecting native species from soils contaminated with blends of diesel and biodiesel (20% biodiesel/80% diesel). After enrichment in a minimal medium containing diesel oil as the sole carbon source and based on 16S rRNA, Calmodulin and β-tubulin gene sequencing, seven fungi and 12 bacteria were identified. The drop collapse test indicated that all fungal and four bacterial strains were capable of producing biosurfactants with a surface tension reduction of ≥20%. Quantitative analysis of extracellular laccase production revealed superior enzyme activity among the bacterial strains, particularly for <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> P05R11. Following antagonistic testing, four compatible consortia were formulated. The degradation analysis of PAHs and TPH (C5–C40) present in diesel oil revealed a significantly higher degradation capacity for the consortia compared to isolated strains. The best results were observed for a mixed bacterial-fungal consortium, composed of <i>Trichoderma koningiopsis</i> P05R2, <i>Serratia marcescens</i> P10R19 and <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> P05R9, with a degradation spectrum of ≥91% for all eleven PAHs analyzed, removing 93.61% of total PAHs, and 93.52% of TPH (C5–C40). Furthermore, this study presents the first report of <i>T. koningiopsis</i> as a candidate for bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons. |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj-art-3fd35fc148ba4725a42c57d9fa2f052f2024-12-27T14:56:47ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042024-12-01121291310.3390/toxics12120913Exploring Novel Fungal–Bacterial Consortia for Enhanced Petroleum Hydrocarbon DegradationJoão Paulo Silva Monteiro0André Felipe da Silva1Rubens Tadeu Delgado Duarte2Admir José Giachini3Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina—Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, BrazilBioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering Undergraduate Program, Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi 77402-970, TO, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina—Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina—Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, BrazilBioremediation, involving the strategic use of microorganisms, has proven to be a cost-effective alternative for restoring areas impacted by persistent contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this context, the aim of this study was to explore hydrocarbon-degrading microbial consortia by prospecting native species from soils contaminated with blends of diesel and biodiesel (20% biodiesel/80% diesel). After enrichment in a minimal medium containing diesel oil as the sole carbon source and based on 16S rRNA, Calmodulin and β-tubulin gene sequencing, seven fungi and 12 bacteria were identified. The drop collapse test indicated that all fungal and four bacterial strains were capable of producing biosurfactants with a surface tension reduction of ≥20%. Quantitative analysis of extracellular laccase production revealed superior enzyme activity among the bacterial strains, particularly for <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> P05R11. Following antagonistic testing, four compatible consortia were formulated. The degradation analysis of PAHs and TPH (C5–C40) present in diesel oil revealed a significantly higher degradation capacity for the consortia compared to isolated strains. The best results were observed for a mixed bacterial-fungal consortium, composed of <i>Trichoderma koningiopsis</i> P05R2, <i>Serratia marcescens</i> P10R19 and <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> P05R9, with a degradation spectrum of ≥91% for all eleven PAHs analyzed, removing 93.61% of total PAHs, and 93.52% of TPH (C5–C40). Furthermore, this study presents the first report of <i>T. koningiopsis</i> as a candidate for bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/913co-culturesbiodegradationpetroleum hydrocarbonsfungal consortiabacterial consortiadiesel B20 |
| spellingShingle | João Paulo Silva Monteiro André Felipe da Silva Rubens Tadeu Delgado Duarte Admir José Giachini Exploring Novel Fungal–Bacterial Consortia for Enhanced Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation Toxics co-cultures biodegradation petroleum hydrocarbons fungal consortia bacterial consortia diesel B20 |
| title | Exploring Novel Fungal–Bacterial Consortia for Enhanced Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation |
| title_full | Exploring Novel Fungal–Bacterial Consortia for Enhanced Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation |
| title_fullStr | Exploring Novel Fungal–Bacterial Consortia for Enhanced Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring Novel Fungal–Bacterial Consortia for Enhanced Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation |
| title_short | Exploring Novel Fungal–Bacterial Consortia for Enhanced Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation |
| title_sort | exploring novel fungal bacterial consortia for enhanced petroleum hydrocarbon degradation |
| topic | co-cultures biodegradation petroleum hydrocarbons fungal consortia bacterial consortia diesel B20 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/913 |
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