Life Cycle Fluoropolymer Management in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis

Concerns over the life cycle impacts of fluoropolymers have led to their inclusion in broad product restriction proposals for per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), despite their non-bioavailable properties and low exposure potential in complex, durable goods such as non-consumer electri...

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Main Authors: Parikhit Sinha, Sabrine M. Cypher
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Hydrogen
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4141/5/4/37
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author Parikhit Sinha
Sabrine M. Cypher
author_facet Parikhit Sinha
Sabrine M. Cypher
author_sort Parikhit Sinha
collection DOAJ
description Concerns over the life cycle impacts of fluoropolymers have led to their inclusion in broad product restriction proposals for per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), despite their non-bioavailable properties and low exposure potential in complex, durable goods such as non-consumer electrical products. Based on the hypothesis that manufacturers are most able to manage the environmental impacts of their products, practical engineering approaches to implementing life cycle fluoropolymer stewardship are evaluated to bridge the ongoing debate between precautionary and risk-based approaches to PFAS management. A life cycle thinking approach is followed that considers product design and alternatives, as well as the product life cycle stages of material sourcing, manufacturing, field deployment, and end-of-life. Over the product life cycle, the material sourcing and end-of-life stages are most impactful in minimizing potential life cycle PFAS emissions. Sourcing fluoropolymers from suppliers with fluorosurfactant emissions control and replacement minimizes the potential emissions of bio-available PFAS substances. A stack-as-service approach to electrolyzer operations ensures a takeback mechanism for the recycling of end-of-life fluoropolymer materials. Retaining electrolytic hydrogen’s license to operate results in over USD 2 of environmental and health benefits per kilogram of hydrogen produced from reduced greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions compared to conventional hydrogen production via steam methane reforming.
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spelling doaj-art-3e4a905c29074b728036a51e6849d5f12024-12-27T14:29:41ZengMDPI AGHydrogen2673-41412024-10-015471072210.3390/hydrogen5040037Life Cycle Fluoropolymer Management in Proton Exchange Membrane ElectrolysisParikhit Sinha0Sabrine M. Cypher1Electric Hydrogen Co., Natick, MA 01760, USAElectric Hydrogen Co., Natick, MA 01760, USAConcerns over the life cycle impacts of fluoropolymers have led to their inclusion in broad product restriction proposals for per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), despite their non-bioavailable properties and low exposure potential in complex, durable goods such as non-consumer electrical products. Based on the hypothesis that manufacturers are most able to manage the environmental impacts of their products, practical engineering approaches to implementing life cycle fluoropolymer stewardship are evaluated to bridge the ongoing debate between precautionary and risk-based approaches to PFAS management. A life cycle thinking approach is followed that considers product design and alternatives, as well as the product life cycle stages of material sourcing, manufacturing, field deployment, and end-of-life. Over the product life cycle, the material sourcing and end-of-life stages are most impactful in minimizing potential life cycle PFAS emissions. Sourcing fluoropolymers from suppliers with fluorosurfactant emissions control and replacement minimizes the potential emissions of bio-available PFAS substances. A stack-as-service approach to electrolyzer operations ensures a takeback mechanism for the recycling of end-of-life fluoropolymer materials. Retaining electrolytic hydrogen’s license to operate results in over USD 2 of environmental and health benefits per kilogram of hydrogen produced from reduced greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions compared to conventional hydrogen production via steam methane reforming.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4141/5/4/37renewable energyPFASproduct stewardshiprecycling
spellingShingle Parikhit Sinha
Sabrine M. Cypher
Life Cycle Fluoropolymer Management in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis
Hydrogen
renewable energy
PFAS
product stewardship
recycling
title Life Cycle Fluoropolymer Management in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis
title_full Life Cycle Fluoropolymer Management in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis
title_fullStr Life Cycle Fluoropolymer Management in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis
title_full_unstemmed Life Cycle Fluoropolymer Management in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis
title_short Life Cycle Fluoropolymer Management in Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis
title_sort life cycle fluoropolymer management in proton exchange membrane electrolysis
topic renewable energy
PFAS
product stewardship
recycling
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4141/5/4/37
work_keys_str_mv AT parikhitsinha lifecyclefluoropolymermanagementinprotonexchangemembraneelectrolysis
AT sabrinemcypher lifecyclefluoropolymermanagementinprotonexchangemembraneelectrolysis