Development of Solid Nanosystem for Delivery of Chlorhexidine with Increased Antimicrobial Activity and Decreased Cytotoxicity: Characterization and In Vitro and In Ovo Toxicological Screening
The evaluation of chlorhexidine-carrier nanosystems based on iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IOMNPs), has gained significant attention in recent years due to the unique properties of the magnetic nanoparticles (NPSs). Chlorhexidine (CHX), a well-established antimicrobial agent, has been widely us...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Alexandra-Ioana Dănilă Mihai Romînu Krisztina Munteanu Elena-Alina Moacă Andreea Geamantan-Sîrbu Iustin Olariu Diana Marian Teodora Olariu Ioana-Cristina Talpoş-Niculescu Raluca Mioara Cosoroabă Ramona Popovici Ştefania Dinu |
| author_facet | Alexandra-Ioana Dănilă Mihai Romînu Krisztina Munteanu Elena-Alina Moacă Andreea Geamantan-Sîrbu Iustin Olariu Diana Marian Teodora Olariu Ioana-Cristina Talpoş-Niculescu Raluca Mioara Cosoroabă Ramona Popovici Ştefania Dinu |
| author_sort | Alexandra-Ioana Dănilă |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The evaluation of chlorhexidine-carrier nanosystems based on iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IOMNPs), has gained significant attention in recent years due to the unique properties of the magnetic nanoparticles (NPSs). Chlorhexidine (CHX), a well-established antimicrobial agent, has been widely used in medical applications, including oral hygiene and surgical antisepsis. This study aims to report an in vitro and in ovo toxicological screening of the synthesized CHX-NPS nanosystem, of the carrier matrix (maghemite NPSs) and of the drug to be delivered (CHX solution), by employing two types of cell lines—HaCaT immortalized human keratinocytes and JB6 Cl 41-5a murine epidermal cells. After the characterization of the CHX-NPS nanosystem through infrared spectroscopy and electronic microscopy, the in vitro results showed that the CHX antimicrobial efficacy was enhanced when delivered through a nanoscale system, with improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity when this was tested as the newly CHX-NPS nanosystem. The in ovo screening exhibited that the CHX-NPS nanosystem did not cause any sign of irritation on the chorioallantoic membrane vasculature and was classified as a non-irritant substance. Despite this, future research should focus on optimizing this type of nanosystem and conducting comprehensive in vivo studies to validate its therapeutic efficacy and safety in clinical settings. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3d9f9c61251d4319a7b25a0568d5bb1e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-3d9f9c61251d4319a7b25a0568d5bb1e2025-01-10T13:19:04ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-01-0130116210.3390/molecules30010162Development of Solid Nanosystem for Delivery of Chlorhexidine with Increased Antimicrobial Activity and Decreased Cytotoxicity: Characterization and In Vitro and In Ovo Toxicological ScreeningAlexandra-Ioana Dănilă0Mihai Romînu1Krisztina Munteanu2Elena-Alina Moacă3Andreea Geamantan-Sîrbu4Iustin Olariu5Diana Marian6Teodora Olariu7Ioana-Cristina Talpoş-Niculescu8Raluca Mioara Cosoroabă9Ramona Popovici10Ştefania Dinu11Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaResearch Center of Digital and Advanced Technique for Endodontic, Restorative and Prosthetic Treatment (TADERP), Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Dental Medicine, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, RomaniaFaculty of Dental Medicine, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, RomaniaFaculty of Medicine, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, RomaniaFaculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaFaculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaThe evaluation of chlorhexidine-carrier nanosystems based on iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IOMNPs), has gained significant attention in recent years due to the unique properties of the magnetic nanoparticles (NPSs). Chlorhexidine (CHX), a well-established antimicrobial agent, has been widely used in medical applications, including oral hygiene and surgical antisepsis. This study aims to report an in vitro and in ovo toxicological screening of the synthesized CHX-NPS nanosystem, of the carrier matrix (maghemite NPSs) and of the drug to be delivered (CHX solution), by employing two types of cell lines—HaCaT immortalized human keratinocytes and JB6 Cl 41-5a murine epidermal cells. After the characterization of the CHX-NPS nanosystem through infrared spectroscopy and electronic microscopy, the in vitro results showed that the CHX antimicrobial efficacy was enhanced when delivered through a nanoscale system, with improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity when this was tested as the newly CHX-NPS nanosystem. The in ovo screening exhibited that the CHX-NPS nanosystem did not cause any sign of irritation on the chorioallantoic membrane vasculature and was classified as a non-irritant substance. Despite this, future research should focus on optimizing this type of nanosystem and conducting comprehensive in vivo studies to validate its therapeutic efficacy and safety in clinical settings.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/1/162maghemitechlorhexidine digluconate solutionhuman immortalized keratinocytesmurine epidermal cellsin vitro and in ovo screeningirritant potential |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra-Ioana Dănilă Mihai Romînu Krisztina Munteanu Elena-Alina Moacă Andreea Geamantan-Sîrbu Iustin Olariu Diana Marian Teodora Olariu Ioana-Cristina Talpoş-Niculescu Raluca Mioara Cosoroabă Ramona Popovici Ştefania Dinu Development of Solid Nanosystem for Delivery of Chlorhexidine with Increased Antimicrobial Activity and Decreased Cytotoxicity: Characterization and In Vitro and In Ovo Toxicological Screening Molecules maghemite chlorhexidine digluconate solution human immortalized keratinocytes murine epidermal cells in vitro and in ovo screening irritant potential |
| title | Development of Solid Nanosystem for Delivery of Chlorhexidine with Increased Antimicrobial Activity and Decreased Cytotoxicity: Characterization and In Vitro and In Ovo Toxicological Screening |
| title_full | Development of Solid Nanosystem for Delivery of Chlorhexidine with Increased Antimicrobial Activity and Decreased Cytotoxicity: Characterization and In Vitro and In Ovo Toxicological Screening |
| title_fullStr | Development of Solid Nanosystem for Delivery of Chlorhexidine with Increased Antimicrobial Activity and Decreased Cytotoxicity: Characterization and In Vitro and In Ovo Toxicological Screening |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Solid Nanosystem for Delivery of Chlorhexidine with Increased Antimicrobial Activity and Decreased Cytotoxicity: Characterization and In Vitro and In Ovo Toxicological Screening |
| title_short | Development of Solid Nanosystem for Delivery of Chlorhexidine with Increased Antimicrobial Activity and Decreased Cytotoxicity: Characterization and In Vitro and In Ovo Toxicological Screening |
| title_sort | development of solid nanosystem for delivery of chlorhexidine with increased antimicrobial activity and decreased cytotoxicity characterization and in vitro and in ovo toxicological screening |
| topic | maghemite chlorhexidine digluconate solution human immortalized keratinocytes murine epidermal cells in vitro and in ovo screening irritant potential |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/1/162 |
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