Sudden gains in internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice

Background: Sudden gains are large symptom improvements between consecutive therapy sessions. They have been shown to occur in randomised controlled trials of internet-delivered psychological interventions, but little is known about their occurrence when such treatments are delivered in routine clin...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: See Heng Yim, David M. Clark, Paul M. Salkovskis, Graham R. Thew
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Internet Interventions
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214782924000812
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846127220347633664
author See Heng Yim
David M. Clark
Paul M. Salkovskis
Graham R. Thew
author_facet See Heng Yim
David M. Clark
Paul M. Salkovskis
Graham R. Thew
author_sort See Heng Yim
collection DOAJ
description Background: Sudden gains are large symptom improvements between consecutive therapy sessions. They have been shown to occur in randomised controlled trials of internet-delivered psychological interventions, but little is known about their occurrence when such treatments are delivered in routine clinical practice. Objective: This study examined the occurrence of sudden gains in a therapist-guided internet-delivered Cognitive Therapy intervention for social anxiety disorder (iCT-SAD) delivered in the UK NHS talking therapies for anxiety and depression (formerly known as IAPT services). It aimed to assess whether sudden gains were associated with better therapy outcomes, and examine changes in process variables around the period of sudden gains. Methods: The study examined sudden gains based on the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. Of 193 treated patients, 146 provided sufficient data to permit analysis. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine the impact of sudden gains on clinical outcomes, and examine changes in negative social cognitions, self-focused attention, and depressed mood. Results: Seventy sudden gains were found among 57 participants. The occurrence rate of sudden gains was 39 %. Individuals who experienced sudden gains had a larger reduction in social anxiety symptoms at end of intervention and at three-month follow-up. There was evidence of a reduction in the frequency of negative social cognitions prior to the gain, whereas changes in self-focused attention occurred simultaneously with the gain. Depressed mood did not show significant changes over these timepoints. Conclusions: Approximately 2 in 5 patients experienced a sudden gain whilst accessing the iCT-SAD intervention in routine practice. They were associated with better clinical outcomes following treatment compared to those who did not experience a sudden gain.
format Article
id doaj-art-3c17bc5276dd4cfd9078896d0a9e68f7
institution Kabale University
issn 2214-7829
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Internet Interventions
spelling doaj-art-3c17bc5276dd4cfd9078896d0a9e68f72024-12-12T05:21:59ZengElsevierInternet Interventions2214-78292024-12-0138100788Sudden gains in internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practiceSee Heng Yim0David M. Clark1Paul M. Salkovskis2Graham R. Thew3Oxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, OX3 7JX Oxford, UKOxford Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma (OxCADAT), Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, The Old Rectory, Paradise Square, Oxford OX1 1TW, UKOxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, OX3 7JX Oxford, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UKOxford Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma (OxCADAT), Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, The Old Rectory, Paradise Square, Oxford OX1 1TW, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Corresponding author at: Oxford Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma (OxCADAT), Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, The Old Rectory, Paradise Square, Oxford OX1 1TW, UK.Background: Sudden gains are large symptom improvements between consecutive therapy sessions. They have been shown to occur in randomised controlled trials of internet-delivered psychological interventions, but little is known about their occurrence when such treatments are delivered in routine clinical practice. Objective: This study examined the occurrence of sudden gains in a therapist-guided internet-delivered Cognitive Therapy intervention for social anxiety disorder (iCT-SAD) delivered in the UK NHS talking therapies for anxiety and depression (formerly known as IAPT services). It aimed to assess whether sudden gains were associated with better therapy outcomes, and examine changes in process variables around the period of sudden gains. Methods: The study examined sudden gains based on the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. Of 193 treated patients, 146 provided sufficient data to permit analysis. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine the impact of sudden gains on clinical outcomes, and examine changes in negative social cognitions, self-focused attention, and depressed mood. Results: Seventy sudden gains were found among 57 participants. The occurrence rate of sudden gains was 39 %. Individuals who experienced sudden gains had a larger reduction in social anxiety symptoms at end of intervention and at three-month follow-up. There was evidence of a reduction in the frequency of negative social cognitions prior to the gain, whereas changes in self-focused attention occurred simultaneously with the gain. Depressed mood did not show significant changes over these timepoints. Conclusions: Approximately 2 in 5 patients experienced a sudden gain whilst accessing the iCT-SAD intervention in routine practice. They were associated with better clinical outcomes following treatment compared to those who did not experience a sudden gain.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214782924000812Social anxietyInternet interventionsSudden gainsEffectiveness studyCognitive behavioural therapyIAPT
spellingShingle See Heng Yim
David M. Clark
Paul M. Salkovskis
Graham R. Thew
Sudden gains in internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice
Internet Interventions
Social anxiety
Internet interventions
Sudden gains
Effectiveness study
Cognitive behavioural therapy
IAPT
title Sudden gains in internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice
title_full Sudden gains in internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice
title_fullStr Sudden gains in internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice
title_full_unstemmed Sudden gains in internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice
title_short Sudden gains in internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice
title_sort sudden gains in internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice
topic Social anxiety
Internet interventions
Sudden gains
Effectiveness study
Cognitive behavioural therapy
IAPT
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214782924000812
work_keys_str_mv AT seehengyim suddengainsininternetcognitivetherapyforsocialanxietydisorderinroutineclinicalpractice
AT davidmclark suddengainsininternetcognitivetherapyforsocialanxietydisorderinroutineclinicalpractice
AT paulmsalkovskis suddengainsininternetcognitivetherapyforsocialanxietydisorderinroutineclinicalpractice
AT grahamrthew suddengainsininternetcognitivetherapyforsocialanxietydisorderinroutineclinicalpractice