Transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal

Background: Screening of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) among blood donors can be a cost-effective approach to monitor the prevalence, distribution, and trends of the infections among healthy-looking individuals. The study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of four TTIs, human immun...

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Main Authors: Ashish Chandra Shrestha, Prakash Ghimire, Bishnu Raj Tiwari, Manita Rajkarnikar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2009-11-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/311
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author Ashish Chandra Shrestha
Prakash Ghimire
Bishnu Raj Tiwari
Manita Rajkarnikar
author_facet Ashish Chandra Shrestha
Prakash Ghimire
Bishnu Raj Tiwari
Manita Rajkarnikar
author_sort Ashish Chandra Shrestha
collection DOAJ
description Background: Screening of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) among blood donors can be a cost-effective approach to monitor the prevalence, distribution, and trends of the infections among healthy-looking individuals. The study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of four TTIs, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis, among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methodology: A total of 21,716 units of blood were tested for the presence of anti-HIV 1/2 IgG/IgM, HBsAg, anti-HCV IgG/IgM, and anti-Treponema pallidum IgG/IgM/IgA using commercial ELISA kits following standard protocols. Statistical analysis was performed using WinPepi Ver 3.8. Results: Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV (HBsAg), HCV and syphilis were observed to be 0.12% (95% CI = 0.08-0.18), 0.47% (95% CI = 0.39-0.57), 0.64% (95% CI = 0.54-0.75) and 0.48% (95% CI = 0.40-0.59) respectively. TTIs were dominant among male blood donors compared to female blood donors. Higher HCV seroprevalence among males compared to females was statistically significant. HIV prevalence was highest among blood donors in the age group 31 to 40 years (P > 0.5). HBV, HCV and syphilis prevalence was highest among blood donors 41 to 50 years age group, 21 to 30 years age group, and 51 to 60 years age group respectively (P < 0.05). HIV and HBV prevalence was relatively higher among first-time donors, whereas HCV and syphilis was relatively higher among the repeated donors (P > 0.05). Conclusions: It is of utmost importance to continue screening donated blood with highly sensitive and specific tests and to counsel donors who are positive to any of the above infections. It is absolutely necessary to avoid the transmission of infection from repeat donors.
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spelling doaj-art-3be418ddafba419aa7fd9f8f45c52f952025-08-20T03:48:58ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802009-11-0131010.3855/jidc.311Transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Kathmandu, NepalAshish Chandra Shrestha0Prakash Ghimire1Bishnu Raj Tiwari2Manita Rajkarnikar3Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, KathmanduCentral Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, KathmanduCentral Blood Transfusion Service, Nepal Red Cross Society, KathmanduCentral Blood Transfusion Service, Nepal Red Cross Society, Kathmandu Background: Screening of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) among blood donors can be a cost-effective approach to monitor the prevalence, distribution, and trends of the infections among healthy-looking individuals. The study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of four TTIs, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis, among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methodology: A total of 21,716 units of blood were tested for the presence of anti-HIV 1/2 IgG/IgM, HBsAg, anti-HCV IgG/IgM, and anti-Treponema pallidum IgG/IgM/IgA using commercial ELISA kits following standard protocols. Statistical analysis was performed using WinPepi Ver 3.8. Results: Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV (HBsAg), HCV and syphilis were observed to be 0.12% (95% CI = 0.08-0.18), 0.47% (95% CI = 0.39-0.57), 0.64% (95% CI = 0.54-0.75) and 0.48% (95% CI = 0.40-0.59) respectively. TTIs were dominant among male blood donors compared to female blood donors. Higher HCV seroprevalence among males compared to females was statistically significant. HIV prevalence was highest among blood donors in the age group 31 to 40 years (P > 0.5). HBV, HCV and syphilis prevalence was highest among blood donors 41 to 50 years age group, 21 to 30 years age group, and 51 to 60 years age group respectively (P < 0.05). HIV and HBV prevalence was relatively higher among first-time donors, whereas HCV and syphilis was relatively higher among the repeated donors (P > 0.05). Conclusions: It is of utmost importance to continue screening donated blood with highly sensitive and specific tests and to counsel donors who are positive to any of the above infections. It is absolutely necessary to avoid the transmission of infection from repeat donors. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/311transfusionHIVHBVHCVsyphilisseroprevalence
spellingShingle Ashish Chandra Shrestha
Prakash Ghimire
Bishnu Raj Tiwari
Manita Rajkarnikar
Transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
transfusion
HIV
HBV
HCV
syphilis
seroprevalence
title Transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal
title_full Transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal
title_fullStr Transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal
title_full_unstemmed Transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal
title_short Transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal
title_sort transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors in kathmandu nepal
topic transfusion
HIV
HBV
HCV
syphilis
seroprevalence
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/311
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