Alternating Generalized Projection Method for Satellite Reflectarray Synthesis with Sequential Stages of Different Illuminations
Satellite reflectarray synthesis using the intersection approach by means of algorithms of the alternating generalized projection (AGP) method to avoid trap points with sequential stages of different illuminations is presented. In this scenario, we examine two distinct sets: the set of radiation pat...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| author | Rafael Florencio René Escalante |
| author_facet | Rafael Florencio René Escalante |
| author_sort | Rafael Florencio |
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| description | Satellite reflectarray synthesis using the intersection approach by means of algorithms of the alternating generalized projection (AGP) method to avoid trap points with sequential stages of different illuminations is presented. In this scenario, we examine two distinct sets: the set of radiation patterns producible by the reflectarray and the set of radiation patterns which meet the mission’s criteria. These sets are generally non-convex. Therefore, it is expected that conventional algorithms of the method of alternating projections (MAP) converge to trap points (i.e., local minima of the distance between the involved sets). Thus, the AGP method, which takes into account the trap points, has been considered. When large reflectarrays are considered for satellite applications, several trap points can appear, producing oscillatory behavior between several trap points. A mathematical formalism which supports the idea that a reduction in the edge illumination of an antenna involves fewer trap points is described. Thus, the oscillatory behavior can be avoided by using sequential stages in the synthesis process with different edge illumination levels in each stage. In this work, we demonstrate this synthesis technique with sequential stages, using the proposed algorithm to avoid trap points. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3b9b0c6572cc422aacb8f78e6bf1431b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-3b9b0c6572cc422aacb8f78e6bf1431b2025-01-10T13:14:43ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-12-0115118110.3390/app15010181Alternating Generalized Projection Method for Satellite Reflectarray Synthesis with Sequential Stages of Different IlluminationsRafael Florencio0René Escalante1Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, SpainNonlinear Dynamics and Complex Systems Research Group, Departamento de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28801 Madrid, SpainSatellite reflectarray synthesis using the intersection approach by means of algorithms of the alternating generalized projection (AGP) method to avoid trap points with sequential stages of different illuminations is presented. In this scenario, we examine two distinct sets: the set of radiation patterns producible by the reflectarray and the set of radiation patterns which meet the mission’s criteria. These sets are generally non-convex. Therefore, it is expected that conventional algorithms of the method of alternating projections (MAP) converge to trap points (i.e., local minima of the distance between the involved sets). Thus, the AGP method, which takes into account the trap points, has been considered. When large reflectarrays are considered for satellite applications, several trap points can appear, producing oscillatory behavior between several trap points. A mathematical formalism which supports the idea that a reduction in the edge illumination of an antenna involves fewer trap points is described. Thus, the oscillatory behavior can be avoided by using sequential stages in the synthesis process with different edge illumination levels in each stage. In this work, we demonstrate this synthesis technique with sequential stages, using the proposed algorithm to avoid trap points.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/181alternating generalized projection methodmethod of alternating projectionstrap pointsphase-only synthesisreflectarray antennassatellite antennas |
| spellingShingle | Rafael Florencio René Escalante Alternating Generalized Projection Method for Satellite Reflectarray Synthesis with Sequential Stages of Different Illuminations Applied Sciences alternating generalized projection method method of alternating projections trap points phase-only synthesis reflectarray antennas satellite antennas |
| title | Alternating Generalized Projection Method for Satellite Reflectarray Synthesis with Sequential Stages of Different Illuminations |
| title_full | Alternating Generalized Projection Method for Satellite Reflectarray Synthesis with Sequential Stages of Different Illuminations |
| title_fullStr | Alternating Generalized Projection Method for Satellite Reflectarray Synthesis with Sequential Stages of Different Illuminations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alternating Generalized Projection Method for Satellite Reflectarray Synthesis with Sequential Stages of Different Illuminations |
| title_short | Alternating Generalized Projection Method for Satellite Reflectarray Synthesis with Sequential Stages of Different Illuminations |
| title_sort | alternating generalized projection method for satellite reflectarray synthesis with sequential stages of different illuminations |
| topic | alternating generalized projection method method of alternating projections trap points phase-only synthesis reflectarray antennas satellite antennas |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/181 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rafaelflorencio alternatinggeneralizedprojectionmethodforsatellitereflectarraysynthesiswithsequentialstagesofdifferentilluminations AT reneescalante alternatinggeneralizedprojectionmethodforsatellitereflectarraysynthesiswithsequentialstagesofdifferentilluminations |