Discovery of Evolutionary Loss of the Ubiquitin-like Autophagy-Related ATG12 System in a Lineage of Apicomplexa

Discovery of Evolutionary Loss of the Ubiquitin-like Autophagy-Related ATG12 System in a Lineage of Apicomplexa

The autophagy-related ubiquitin-like conjugation systems, the ATG8 and ATG12 systems, are universally conserved in eukaryotes. However, the covalent bond in the ATG12 system has recently been shown to be evolutionarily lost in Apicomplexa. Here, we show that all genes associated with the ATG12 syste...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiaoxia X. Lin, Yun D. Bai, Sichang T. Wang, Akira Nozawa, Tatsuya Sawasaki, Tatsunori Masatani, Kenji Hikosaka, Masahito Asada, Hirokazu Sakamoto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Cells
Subjects:
autophagy
ATG12 system
Apicomplexa
piroplasmida
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/2/121
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