Design of a Circularly-Polarized Microstrip Antenna by Utilizing Mutually-Coupled Resonators
This article proposes a design method for a circularly-polarized (CP) antenna, which is realized by using coupling effects. Initially, the desired electric(magnetic) coupling between two identical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda$ </tex-math></inlin...
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IEEE
2024-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10664594/ |
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| author | Jia-Xiang Hao Hui-Dong Li Lei Zhu |
| author_facet | Jia-Xiang Hao Hui-Dong Li Lei Zhu |
| author_sort | Jia-Xiang Hao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article proposes a design method for a circularly-polarized (CP) antenna, which is realized by using coupling effects. Initially, the desired electric(magnetic) coupling between two identical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/4 short-circuited microstrip line (MS-L) resonators can be generated when the short-circuited (opencircuited) ends of the resonators are in close proximity to each other. Besides, an orthogonal arrangement in space for these two resonators has been adopted to yield two orthogonal linearly-polarized (LP) waves. Therefore, a desired CP rotation can be achieved by choosing corresponding coupling types. Meanwhile, two equivalent circuit models are established and analyzed to deduce the formulas of the mutual inductance and mutual capacitance for the desired CP radiation. Afterwards, a binary array consisting of a magnetically coupled (MC) pair of resonators and an electrically coupled (EC) pair of resonators is proposed for expanding the axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) and enhancing peak gain. Finally, a right-handed circularlypolarized (RHCP) antenna with magnetic coupling, a left-handed circularly-polarized (LHCP) antenna with electric coupling and a binary array are fabricated and tested. And an excellent agreement is validated between the experiment and simulation results. The measured results show that the binary array achieves a maximum gain of 5 dBic within its measured ARBW range of 3.535 – 3.615 GHz. In contrast, the single pairs (EC or MC pair) exhibit a gain of 3 dBic. Additionally, the array demonstrates a fivefold expansion in ARBW compared to the single pair. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3b219aa9e9a749c1aa0a0bc962b0b07f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2637-6431 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation |
| spelling | doaj-art-3b219aa9e9a749c1aa0a0bc962b0b07f2024-11-22T00:02:09ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation2637-64312024-01-01561747175710.1109/OJAP.2024.345433010664594Design of a Circularly-Polarized Microstrip Antenna by Utilizing Mutually-Coupled ResonatorsJia-Xiang Hao0https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0940-164XHui-Dong Li1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9752-9028Lei Zhu2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5348-7532Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave, Southeast University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, ChinaThis article proposes a design method for a circularly-polarized (CP) antenna, which is realized by using coupling effects. Initially, the desired electric(magnetic) coupling between two identical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/4 short-circuited microstrip line (MS-L) resonators can be generated when the short-circuited (opencircuited) ends of the resonators are in close proximity to each other. Besides, an orthogonal arrangement in space for these two resonators has been adopted to yield two orthogonal linearly-polarized (LP) waves. Therefore, a desired CP rotation can be achieved by choosing corresponding coupling types. Meanwhile, two equivalent circuit models are established and analyzed to deduce the formulas of the mutual inductance and mutual capacitance for the desired CP radiation. Afterwards, a binary array consisting of a magnetically coupled (MC) pair of resonators and an electrically coupled (EC) pair of resonators is proposed for expanding the axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) and enhancing peak gain. Finally, a right-handed circularlypolarized (RHCP) antenna with magnetic coupling, a left-handed circularly-polarized (LHCP) antenna with electric coupling and a binary array are fabricated and tested. And an excellent agreement is validated between the experiment and simulation results. The measured results show that the binary array achieves a maximum gain of 5 dBic within its measured ARBW range of 3.535 – 3.615 GHz. In contrast, the single pairs (EC or MC pair) exhibit a gain of 3 dBic. Additionally, the array demonstrates a fivefold expansion in ARBW compared to the single pair.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10664594/Coupled resonatorsphase differenceelectric couplingmagnetic couplingcircular polarization |
| spellingShingle | Jia-Xiang Hao Hui-Dong Li Lei Zhu Design of a Circularly-Polarized Microstrip Antenna by Utilizing Mutually-Coupled Resonators IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Coupled resonators phase difference electric coupling magnetic coupling circular polarization |
| title | Design of a Circularly-Polarized Microstrip Antenna by Utilizing Mutually-Coupled Resonators |
| title_full | Design of a Circularly-Polarized Microstrip Antenna by Utilizing Mutually-Coupled Resonators |
| title_fullStr | Design of a Circularly-Polarized Microstrip Antenna by Utilizing Mutually-Coupled Resonators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design of a Circularly-Polarized Microstrip Antenna by Utilizing Mutually-Coupled Resonators |
| title_short | Design of a Circularly-Polarized Microstrip Antenna by Utilizing Mutually-Coupled Resonators |
| title_sort | design of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna by utilizing mutually coupled resonators |
| topic | Coupled resonators phase difference electric coupling magnetic coupling circular polarization |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10664594/ |
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