Tactile and olfactory stimulation reduce anxiety and enhance autonomic balance: a multisensory approach for healthcare settings

Abstract Anxiety in healthcare environments—particularly in dental clinics—presents a significant challenge, often impairing patient cooperation and clinical outcomes. This study investigated the effectiveness of multisensory engagement—combining visual, tactile, and olfactory stimuli—in reducing an...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Junfang Xie, Mohamed Elsadek, Zhang Deshun, Zhiyi Zhou, Jie Gao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Psychology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03140-x
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