Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with ES‐SCLC: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of RCTs and RWSs

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibitors in the treatment of extensive‐stage small‐cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC), we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis that included randomized controlled tri...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Runting Kang, Junling Ma, Bin Ai, Juanjuan Liu, Zitong Zheng, Jiangyong Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-11-01
Series:Thoracic Cancer
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15458
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846157873257644032
author Runting Kang
Junling Ma
Bin Ai
Juanjuan Liu
Zitong Zheng
Jiangyong Yu
author_facet Runting Kang
Junling Ma
Bin Ai
Juanjuan Liu
Zitong Zheng
Jiangyong Yu
author_sort Runting Kang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibitors in the treatment of extensive‐stage small‐cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC), we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis that included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real‐world studies (RWS). Methods By scanning PubMed, Web of science, Embase, and other relevant clinical information public databases, nine RCTs and eight RWSs involving 5205 patients were included in the study. We directly compared the differences between chemotherapy and PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy, and determined the optimal treatment strategy through network meta‐analysis (NMA). Results Compared to chemotherapy, the addition of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors significantly improves the overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR) in SCLC patients. Regarding safety, both RCTs and RWSs indicated no significant difference in grade 3–4 adverse events between chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy. NMA showed serplulimab plus chemotherapy (Serp_Chemo) appears to provide the best OS, PFS, and ORR benefit, while nivolumab plus chemotherapy shows higher toxicity than other regimens. In subgroup analysis, for elderly patients (age ≥65) and non‐elderly (age <65) patients, the most promising quality regimens for achieving better OS extension are atezolizumab plus chemotherapy (Atez_Chemo) and Serp_Chemo, respectively. For patients with PD‐L1 ≥ 1% and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > upper limit of normal (ULN), there is no apparent OS benefit from immune therapy. Conclusions In ES‐SCLC treatment, adding PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors to standard chemotherapy improves OS, PFS, and ORR, with Serp_Chemo shows the most promise. Atez_Chemo and Serp_Chemo provided better survival for elderly and non‐elderly patients, respectively.
format Article
id doaj-art-39c6ae3e39c143afa6f164553e363551
institution Kabale University
issn 1759-7706
1759-7714
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Thoracic Cancer
spelling doaj-art-39c6ae3e39c143afa6f164553e3635512024-11-25T03:39:13ZengWileyThoracic Cancer1759-77061759-77142024-11-0115332375238510.1111/1759-7714.15458Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with ES‐SCLC: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of RCTs and RWSsRunting Kang0Junling Ma1Bin Ai2Juanjuan Liu3Zitong Zheng4Jiangyong Yu5Center of Biotherapy Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. ChinaCenter of Biotherapy Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. ChinaDepartment of Oncology Binzhou Medical University Hospital Binzhou ChinaCenter of Biotherapy Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. ChinaAbstract Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibitors in the treatment of extensive‐stage small‐cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC), we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis that included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real‐world studies (RWS). Methods By scanning PubMed, Web of science, Embase, and other relevant clinical information public databases, nine RCTs and eight RWSs involving 5205 patients were included in the study. We directly compared the differences between chemotherapy and PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy, and determined the optimal treatment strategy through network meta‐analysis (NMA). Results Compared to chemotherapy, the addition of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors significantly improves the overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR) in SCLC patients. Regarding safety, both RCTs and RWSs indicated no significant difference in grade 3–4 adverse events between chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy. NMA showed serplulimab plus chemotherapy (Serp_Chemo) appears to provide the best OS, PFS, and ORR benefit, while nivolumab plus chemotherapy shows higher toxicity than other regimens. In subgroup analysis, for elderly patients (age ≥65) and non‐elderly (age <65) patients, the most promising quality regimens for achieving better OS extension are atezolizumab plus chemotherapy (Atez_Chemo) and Serp_Chemo, respectively. For patients with PD‐L1 ≥ 1% and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > upper limit of normal (ULN), there is no apparent OS benefit from immune therapy. Conclusions In ES‐SCLC treatment, adding PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors to standard chemotherapy improves OS, PFS, and ORR, with Serp_Chemo shows the most promise. Atez_Chemo and Serp_Chemo provided better survival for elderly and non‐elderly patients, respectively.https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15458elderlyextensive stage small cell lung cancerimmune checkpoint inhibitorsmeta‐analysis
spellingShingle Runting Kang
Junling Ma
Bin Ai
Juanjuan Liu
Zitong Zheng
Jiangyong Yu
Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with ES‐SCLC: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of RCTs and RWSs
Thoracic Cancer
elderly
extensive stage small cell lung cancer
immune checkpoint inhibitors
meta‐analysis
title Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with ES‐SCLC: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of RCTs and RWSs
title_full Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with ES‐SCLC: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of RCTs and RWSs
title_fullStr Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with ES‐SCLC: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of RCTs and RWSs
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with ES‐SCLC: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of RCTs and RWSs
title_short Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with ES‐SCLC: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis of RCTs and RWSs
title_sort efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with es sclc a systematic review and network meta analysis of rcts and rwss
topic elderly
extensive stage small cell lung cancer
immune checkpoint inhibitors
meta‐analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15458
work_keys_str_mv AT runtingkang efficacyandsafetyofimmunotherapycombinedwithchemotherapyinpatientswithessclcasystematicreviewandnetworkmetaanalysisofrctsandrwss
AT junlingma efficacyandsafetyofimmunotherapycombinedwithchemotherapyinpatientswithessclcasystematicreviewandnetworkmetaanalysisofrctsandrwss
AT binai efficacyandsafetyofimmunotherapycombinedwithchemotherapyinpatientswithessclcasystematicreviewandnetworkmetaanalysisofrctsandrwss
AT juanjuanliu efficacyandsafetyofimmunotherapycombinedwithchemotherapyinpatientswithessclcasystematicreviewandnetworkmetaanalysisofrctsandrwss
AT zitongzheng efficacyandsafetyofimmunotherapycombinedwithchemotherapyinpatientswithessclcasystematicreviewandnetworkmetaanalysisofrctsandrwss
AT jiangyongyu efficacyandsafetyofimmunotherapycombinedwithchemotherapyinpatientswithessclcasystematicreviewandnetworkmetaanalysisofrctsandrwss