Assessment of Trace Elements Concentration in Selected Vegetables from High and Low Cancer Prevalence Areas in Ondo State, Nigeria

This study investigates the potential link between cancer incidence and trace elements and heavy metals intake from locally grown vegetables in Ondo West and Ondo East Local Government Areas of Ondo Stae, Nigeria. It builds on a 2019 study by Adeola and colleagues, which identified a significantl...

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Main Authors: Joshua O Ojo, Danjuma D Maza, Grace O Akinlade, Osualale P Taiwo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Department of Physics, Kaduna State University, Nigeria 2024-11-01
Series:Physics Access
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Online Access:https://physicsaccess.com/articles/published/PA-JPET-Vol%204-Issue%202_193.pdf
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author Joshua O Ojo
Danjuma D Maza
Grace O Akinlade
Osualale P Taiwo
author_facet Joshua O Ojo
Danjuma D Maza
Grace O Akinlade
Osualale P Taiwo
author_sort Joshua O Ojo
collection DOAJ
description This study investigates the potential link between cancer incidence and trace elements and heavy metals intake from locally grown vegetables in Ondo West and Ondo East Local Government Areas of Ondo Stae, Nigeria. It builds on a 2019 study by Adeola and colleagues, which identified a significantly higher cancer incidence in Ondo West compared to Ondo East, with rates three times higher. Five commonly consumed vegetables—Solanum macrocarpon, Talinum triangulare, Amaranthus hybridus, Telfairia occidentalis, and Vernonia amygdalina— were sampled from 47 locations across both regions. The samples were oven-dried, digested, and analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) to determine the mean concentrations of essential trace elements (magnesium, manganese, and zinc) and toxic heavy metals (lead and cadmium). The estimated daily intake (EDI), daily intake (DI), and chronic daily intake (CDI) were calculated and used to assess the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR), non-cancer hazard quotient (HQ), and non-cancer health index (HI). Contributions to the recommended daily intake of magnesium, manganese, and zinc through vegetable consumption were 12.65%, 40.8%, and 9.6%, respectively, in Ondo West, and 13.7%, 47.7%, and 10.58%, respectively, in Ondo East. The total non-cancer health indices were 0.90 and 0.92 for Ondo West and Ondo East, respectively, indicating no significant non-cancer health risks from consuming these vegetables. However, the ILCR values were calculated as 0.000293 for Ondo West and 0.000416 for Ondo East, exceeding the threshold of 1.0 × 10⁻⁵, suggesting a potential cancer risk. Despite this finding, the study could not account for the notably higher cancer prevalence in Ondo West.
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spelling doaj-art-396f58e99148425b9e0c50531c524ef32024-11-27T09:36:51ZengDepartment of Physics, Kaduna State University, NigeriaPhysics Access2714-500X2756-38982024-11-014210711510.47514/phyaccess.2024.4.2.013Assessment of Trace Elements Concentration in Selected Vegetables from High and Low Cancer Prevalence Areas in Ondo State, NigeriaJoshua O Ojo0Danjuma D Maza1Grace O Akinlade2Osualale P Taiwo3 Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, NigeriaThis study investigates the potential link between cancer incidence and trace elements and heavy metals intake from locally grown vegetables in Ondo West and Ondo East Local Government Areas of Ondo Stae, Nigeria. It builds on a 2019 study by Adeola and colleagues, which identified a significantly higher cancer incidence in Ondo West compared to Ondo East, with rates three times higher. Five commonly consumed vegetables—Solanum macrocarpon, Talinum triangulare, Amaranthus hybridus, Telfairia occidentalis, and Vernonia amygdalina— were sampled from 47 locations across both regions. The samples were oven-dried, digested, and analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) to determine the mean concentrations of essential trace elements (magnesium, manganese, and zinc) and toxic heavy metals (lead and cadmium). The estimated daily intake (EDI), daily intake (DI), and chronic daily intake (CDI) were calculated and used to assess the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR), non-cancer hazard quotient (HQ), and non-cancer health index (HI). Contributions to the recommended daily intake of magnesium, manganese, and zinc through vegetable consumption were 12.65%, 40.8%, and 9.6%, respectively, in Ondo West, and 13.7%, 47.7%, and 10.58%, respectively, in Ondo East. The total non-cancer health indices were 0.90 and 0.92 for Ondo West and Ondo East, respectively, indicating no significant non-cancer health risks from consuming these vegetables. However, the ILCR values were calculated as 0.000293 for Ondo West and 0.000416 for Ondo East, exceeding the threshold of 1.0 × 10⁻⁵, suggesting a potential cancer risk. Despite this finding, the study could not account for the notably higher cancer prevalence in Ondo West.https://physicsaccess.com/articles/published/PA-JPET-Vol%204-Issue%202_193.pdftrace elementsheavy metalsincremental lifetime cancer riskhazard quotienthealth indexvegetable
spellingShingle Joshua O Ojo
Danjuma D Maza
Grace O Akinlade
Osualale P Taiwo
Assessment of Trace Elements Concentration in Selected Vegetables from High and Low Cancer Prevalence Areas in Ondo State, Nigeria
Physics Access
trace elements
heavy metals
incremental lifetime cancer risk
hazard quotient
health index
vegetable
title Assessment of Trace Elements Concentration in Selected Vegetables from High and Low Cancer Prevalence Areas in Ondo State, Nigeria
title_full Assessment of Trace Elements Concentration in Selected Vegetables from High and Low Cancer Prevalence Areas in Ondo State, Nigeria
title_fullStr Assessment of Trace Elements Concentration in Selected Vegetables from High and Low Cancer Prevalence Areas in Ondo State, Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of Trace Elements Concentration in Selected Vegetables from High and Low Cancer Prevalence Areas in Ondo State, Nigeria
title_short Assessment of Trace Elements Concentration in Selected Vegetables from High and Low Cancer Prevalence Areas in Ondo State, Nigeria
title_sort assessment of trace elements concentration in selected vegetables from high and low cancer prevalence areas in ondo state nigeria
topic trace elements
heavy metals
incremental lifetime cancer risk
hazard quotient
health index
vegetable
url https://physicsaccess.com/articles/published/PA-JPET-Vol%204-Issue%202_193.pdf
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