Evaluation of a three-month trial of thyroxine replacement in symptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism: An impact on clinical presentation, quality of life and adoption of long-term therapy

Background/Aim. Although subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is frequently a biochemical diagnosis, some symptoms and signs of overt disease may be present, influencing our decision to start the treatment with levothyroxine (LT4). The aim of this study was to examine the effect a 3- month LT4 treatment...

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Main Authors: Pandrc Milena S., Ristić Anđelka, Kostovski Vanja, Ranđelović-Krstić Violeta, Milin-Lazović Jelena, Nedeljković-Beleslin Biljana, Ćirić Jasmina
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Language:English
Published: Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia, University of Defence, Belgrade 2020-01-01
Series:Vojnosanitetski Pregled
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Online Access:http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2020/0042-84501800157P.pdf
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author Pandrc Milena S.
Ristić Anđelka
Kostovski Vanja
Ranđelović-Krstić Violeta
Milin-Lazović Jelena
Nedeljković-Beleslin Biljana
Ćirić Jasmina
author_facet Pandrc Milena S.
Ristić Anđelka
Kostovski Vanja
Ranđelović-Krstić Violeta
Milin-Lazović Jelena
Nedeljković-Beleslin Biljana
Ćirić Jasmina
author_sort Pandrc Milena S.
collection DOAJ
description Background/Aim. Although subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is frequently a biochemical diagnosis, some symptoms and signs of overt disease may be present, influencing our decision to start the treatment with levothyroxine (LT4). The aim of this study was to examine the effect a 3- month LT4 treatment on clinical presentation and quality of life in symptomatic SCH with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) < 10 mIU/L. We also considered whether treatment discontinuation additionally improves reliability of these findings. Methods. Clinical parameters (disease-specific score) and quality of life (Short Form-36 questionnaire) were measured in 35 patients with persistent symptomatic SCH (TSH 7.0 ± 2.1 mIU/L) before the intervention (LT4 substitution), 3 months after the euthyroid state had been achieved and 3 months after cessation of LT4 substitution. Results. The median of the Zulewski index significantly decreased after the treatment with LT4: 5.0 (4.0–7.0) vs. 3.0 (2.0–5.0) (p < 0.001) representing a reduction of symptoms. The most common ailments before the treatment were dry skin (71.4%), hoarseness (65.7%) and rough skin (54.3 %). After the treatment, there was a significant reduction in the frequency of constipation (p = 0.004), dry skin (p = 0.022), hoarseness (p = 0.002), decreased sweating (p = 0.006), and delayed Achilles reflex (p = 0.002). Quality of life was not changed significantly after LT4 treatment. In the group of 18 patients who discontinued the treatment, many symptoms and signs reappeared with the TSH increasing (6.8 ± 1.1 mIU/L): periorbital edema, constipation, weight gain, decreased sweating, slow motion and delayed Achilles reflex. The median of the Żulewski index after discontinuation of LT4 was 6.0 (4.0–9.0) (p = 0.010). Also, there was a statistically significant reduction in the general health score, and vitality, role emotional and mental health scores. Conclusions. Clinical score, based on symptoms and signs, is a sensitive and reproducible test for objective estimation of LT4 treatment effects in symptomatic SCH patients with TSH <10 mIU/L and supports individually adjusted treatment. Symptomatic SCH is not necessarily associated with a quality of life impairment that may be significantly improved by LT4 treatment. Changes in general health, vitality, mental health and emotional role after LT4 cessation suggest that some aspects of life quality can be affected by subtle variations in thyroxine availability.
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spelling doaj-art-373f522d874b49b49caaa3b762cb1f452025-08-20T03:18:37ZengMinistry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia, University of Defence, BelgradeVojnosanitetski Pregled0042-84502406-07202020-01-0177989390010.2298/VSP180708157P0042-84501800157PEvaluation of a three-month trial of thyroxine replacement in symptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism: An impact on clinical presentation, quality of life and adoption of long-term therapyPandrc Milena S.0Ristić Anđelka1Kostovski Vanja2Ranđelović-Krstić Violeta3Milin-Lazović Jelena4Nedeljković-Beleslin Biljana5Ćirić Jasmina6Military Medical Academy, Clinic of Cardiology, Belgrade, SerbiaMilitary Medical Academy, Clinic of Urgent Internal Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia + University of Defence, Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, SerbiaMilitary Medical Academy, Clinic for Thoracic Surgery, Belgrade, SerbiaMilitary Medical Academy, Clinic of Cardiology, Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Belgrade, SerbiaBackground/Aim. Although subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is frequently a biochemical diagnosis, some symptoms and signs of overt disease may be present, influencing our decision to start the treatment with levothyroxine (LT4). The aim of this study was to examine the effect a 3- month LT4 treatment on clinical presentation and quality of life in symptomatic SCH with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) < 10 mIU/L. We also considered whether treatment discontinuation additionally improves reliability of these findings. Methods. Clinical parameters (disease-specific score) and quality of life (Short Form-36 questionnaire) were measured in 35 patients with persistent symptomatic SCH (TSH 7.0 ± 2.1 mIU/L) before the intervention (LT4 substitution), 3 months after the euthyroid state had been achieved and 3 months after cessation of LT4 substitution. Results. The median of the Zulewski index significantly decreased after the treatment with LT4: 5.0 (4.0–7.0) vs. 3.0 (2.0–5.0) (p < 0.001) representing a reduction of symptoms. The most common ailments before the treatment were dry skin (71.4%), hoarseness (65.7%) and rough skin (54.3 %). After the treatment, there was a significant reduction in the frequency of constipation (p = 0.004), dry skin (p = 0.022), hoarseness (p = 0.002), decreased sweating (p = 0.006), and delayed Achilles reflex (p = 0.002). Quality of life was not changed significantly after LT4 treatment. In the group of 18 patients who discontinued the treatment, many symptoms and signs reappeared with the TSH increasing (6.8 ± 1.1 mIU/L): periorbital edema, constipation, weight gain, decreased sweating, slow motion and delayed Achilles reflex. The median of the Żulewski index after discontinuation of LT4 was 6.0 (4.0–9.0) (p = 0.010). Also, there was a statistically significant reduction in the general health score, and vitality, role emotional and mental health scores. Conclusions. Clinical score, based on symptoms and signs, is a sensitive and reproducible test for objective estimation of LT4 treatment effects in symptomatic SCH patients with TSH <10 mIU/L and supports individually adjusted treatment. Symptomatic SCH is not necessarily associated with a quality of life impairment that may be significantly improved by LT4 treatment. Changes in general health, vitality, mental health and emotional role after LT4 cessation suggest that some aspects of life quality can be affected by subtle variations in thyroxine availability.http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2020/0042-84501800157P.pdfhypothyreoidismthyroxinesurveys and questionaireswith holding treatmentdisease progressionquality of life
spellingShingle Pandrc Milena S.
Ristić Anđelka
Kostovski Vanja
Ranđelović-Krstić Violeta
Milin-Lazović Jelena
Nedeljković-Beleslin Biljana
Ćirić Jasmina
Evaluation of a three-month trial of thyroxine replacement in symptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism: An impact on clinical presentation, quality of life and adoption of long-term therapy
Vojnosanitetski Pregled
hypothyreoidism
thyroxine
surveys and questionaires
with holding treatment
disease progression
quality of life
title Evaluation of a three-month trial of thyroxine replacement in symptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism: An impact on clinical presentation, quality of life and adoption of long-term therapy
title_full Evaluation of a three-month trial of thyroxine replacement in symptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism: An impact on clinical presentation, quality of life and adoption of long-term therapy
title_fullStr Evaluation of a three-month trial of thyroxine replacement in symptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism: An impact on clinical presentation, quality of life and adoption of long-term therapy
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of a three-month trial of thyroxine replacement in symptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism: An impact on clinical presentation, quality of life and adoption of long-term therapy
title_short Evaluation of a three-month trial of thyroxine replacement in symptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism: An impact on clinical presentation, quality of life and adoption of long-term therapy
title_sort evaluation of a three month trial of thyroxine replacement in symptomatic subclinical hypothyroidism an impact on clinical presentation quality of life and adoption of long term therapy
topic hypothyreoidism
thyroxine
surveys and questionaires
with holding treatment
disease progression
quality of life
url http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2020/0042-84501800157P.pdf
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