Supercritical Extraction and Compound Profiling of Diverse Edible Mushroom Species
Mushrooms are a raw material rich in many nutritional compounds, and that is why a number of them are widely known as functional food. They contain fatty acids, carbohydrates, lycopene, sterols, lovastatin, trace elements, and other valuable compounds that show a wide range of properties, such as he...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| author | Slađana Krivošija Nataša Nastić Milica Karadžić Banjac Strahinja Kovačević Sanja Podunavac-Kuzmanović Senka Vidović |
| author_facet | Slađana Krivošija Nataša Nastić Milica Karadžić Banjac Strahinja Kovačević Sanja Podunavac-Kuzmanović Senka Vidović |
| author_sort | Slađana Krivošija |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mushrooms are a raw material rich in many nutritional compounds, and that is why a number of them are widely known as functional food. They contain fatty acids, carbohydrates, lycopene, sterols, lovastatin, trace elements, and other valuable compounds that show a wide range of properties, such as hepatoprotective, anticancer, antiviral, etc. For more efficient utilisation of mushrooms’ biologically active substances, widespread supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (Sc-CO<sub>2</sub>) was used as an efficient way to isolate the high-value phytoconstituents from this type of raw material. Using Sc-CO<sub>2</sub>, the extracts of five types of edible mushrooms—<i>Lycoperdon saccatum</i>, <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>, <i>Craterellus cornucopioides</i>, <i>Russula Cyanoxantha</i> and <i>Cantharellus cibarius</i>—were obtained. During the Sc-CO<sub>2</sub> process, the extraction time was reduced to 4 h compared to the prolonged process time applied in the typical traditional techniques (6–24 h). The extraction pressure (30 MPa) and temperature (40 °C) were constant. Fatty acids and the compounds of steroid structures were determined in the obtained extracts using GC–MS and GC–FID methods of analysis. The dominant compounds identified in the lipid extracts were fatty acids (linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic) and sterols (ergosterol, 7,22-ergostadienone and 7,22-ergostadienol). For complete insight into the process and to obtain the value of the extracts, chemometric analysis is provided. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), as well as k-means clustering, showed that <i>Craterellus cornucopioides</i> was distinguished based on the extraction yield results. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-35b35c38cc7740f2af8b1035f95380e6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-35b35c38cc7740f2af8b1035f95380e62025-01-10T13:17:49ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-01-0114110710.3390/foods14010107Supercritical Extraction and Compound Profiling of Diverse Edible Mushroom SpeciesSlađana Krivošija0Nataša Nastić1Milica Karadžić Banjac2Strahinja Kovačević3Sanja Podunavac-Kuzmanović4Senka Vidović5Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Boulevard cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaFaculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Boulevard cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaFaculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Boulevard cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaFaculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Boulevard cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaFaculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Boulevard cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaFaculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Boulevard cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaMushrooms are a raw material rich in many nutritional compounds, and that is why a number of them are widely known as functional food. They contain fatty acids, carbohydrates, lycopene, sterols, lovastatin, trace elements, and other valuable compounds that show a wide range of properties, such as hepatoprotective, anticancer, antiviral, etc. For more efficient utilisation of mushrooms’ biologically active substances, widespread supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (Sc-CO<sub>2</sub>) was used as an efficient way to isolate the high-value phytoconstituents from this type of raw material. Using Sc-CO<sub>2</sub>, the extracts of five types of edible mushrooms—<i>Lycoperdon saccatum</i>, <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>, <i>Craterellus cornucopioides</i>, <i>Russula Cyanoxantha</i> and <i>Cantharellus cibarius</i>—were obtained. During the Sc-CO<sub>2</sub> process, the extraction time was reduced to 4 h compared to the prolonged process time applied in the typical traditional techniques (6–24 h). The extraction pressure (30 MPa) and temperature (40 °C) were constant. Fatty acids and the compounds of steroid structures were determined in the obtained extracts using GC–MS and GC–FID methods of analysis. The dominant compounds identified in the lipid extracts were fatty acids (linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic) and sterols (ergosterol, 7,22-ergostadienone and 7,22-ergostadienol). For complete insight into the process and to obtain the value of the extracts, chemometric analysis is provided. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), as well as k-means clustering, showed that <i>Craterellus cornucopioides</i> was distinguished based on the extraction yield results.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/107edible mushroomssupercritical carbon dioxide extractionsterolsfatty acidschemometric analysis |
| spellingShingle | Slađana Krivošija Nataša Nastić Milica Karadžić Banjac Strahinja Kovačević Sanja Podunavac-Kuzmanović Senka Vidović Supercritical Extraction and Compound Profiling of Diverse Edible Mushroom Species Foods edible mushrooms supercritical carbon dioxide extraction sterols fatty acids chemometric analysis |
| title | Supercritical Extraction and Compound Profiling of Diverse Edible Mushroom Species |
| title_full | Supercritical Extraction and Compound Profiling of Diverse Edible Mushroom Species |
| title_fullStr | Supercritical Extraction and Compound Profiling of Diverse Edible Mushroom Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supercritical Extraction and Compound Profiling of Diverse Edible Mushroom Species |
| title_short | Supercritical Extraction and Compound Profiling of Diverse Edible Mushroom Species |
| title_sort | supercritical extraction and compound profiling of diverse edible mushroom species |
| topic | edible mushrooms supercritical carbon dioxide extraction sterols fatty acids chemometric analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/107 |
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