Diversity in the internal functional feeding elements of sympatric morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus).
The diversity of functional feeding anatomy is particularly impressive in fishes and correlates with various interspecific ecological specializations. Intraspecific polymorphism can manifest in divergent feeding morphology and ecology, often along a benthic-pelagic axis. Arctic charr (Salvelinus alp...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2024-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0300359&type=printable |
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| author | Guðbjörg Ósk Jónsdóttir Laura-Marie von Elm Finnur Ingimarsson Samuel Tersigni Sigurður Sveinn Snorrason Arnar Pálsson Sarah Elizabeth Steele |
| author_facet | Guðbjörg Ósk Jónsdóttir Laura-Marie von Elm Finnur Ingimarsson Samuel Tersigni Sigurður Sveinn Snorrason Arnar Pálsson Sarah Elizabeth Steele |
| author_sort | Guðbjörg Ósk Jónsdóttir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The diversity of functional feeding anatomy is particularly impressive in fishes and correlates with various interspecific ecological specializations. Intraspecific polymorphism can manifest in divergent feeding morphology and ecology, often along a benthic-pelagic axis. Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) is a freshwater salmonid known for morphological variation and sympatric polymorphism and in Lake Þingvallavatn, Iceland, four morphs of charr coexist that differ in preferred prey, behaviour, habitat use, and external feeding morphology. We studied variation in six upper and lower jaw bones in adults of these four morphs using geometric morphometrics and univariate statistics. We tested for allometric differences in bone size and shape among morphs, morph effects on bone size and shape, and divergence along the benthic-pelagic axis. We also examined the degree of integration between bone pairs. We found differences in bone size between pelagic and benthic morphs for two bones (dentary and premaxilla). There was clear bone shape divergence along a benthic-pelagic axis in four bones (dentary, articular-angular, premaxilla and maxilla), as well as allometric shape differences between morphs in the dentary. Notably for the dentary, morph explained more shape variation than bone size. Comparatively, benthic morphs possess a compact and taller dentary, with shorter dentary palate, consistent with visible (but less prominent) differences in external morphology. As these morphs emerged in the last 10,000 years, these results indicate rapid functional evolution of specific feeding structures in arctic charr. This sets the stage for studies of the genetics and development of rapid and parallel craniofacial evolution. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-353b73ba1bb1417c8c77d699a669e2ac |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-353b73ba1bb1417c8c77d699a669e2ac2025-01-08T05:33:31ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032024-01-01195e030035910.1371/journal.pone.0300359Diversity in the internal functional feeding elements of sympatric morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus).Guðbjörg Ósk JónsdóttirLaura-Marie von ElmFinnur IngimarssonSamuel TersigniSigurður Sveinn SnorrasonArnar PálssonSarah Elizabeth SteeleThe diversity of functional feeding anatomy is particularly impressive in fishes and correlates with various interspecific ecological specializations. Intraspecific polymorphism can manifest in divergent feeding morphology and ecology, often along a benthic-pelagic axis. Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) is a freshwater salmonid known for morphological variation and sympatric polymorphism and in Lake Þingvallavatn, Iceland, four morphs of charr coexist that differ in preferred prey, behaviour, habitat use, and external feeding morphology. We studied variation in six upper and lower jaw bones in adults of these four morphs using geometric morphometrics and univariate statistics. We tested for allometric differences in bone size and shape among morphs, morph effects on bone size and shape, and divergence along the benthic-pelagic axis. We also examined the degree of integration between bone pairs. We found differences in bone size between pelagic and benthic morphs for two bones (dentary and premaxilla). There was clear bone shape divergence along a benthic-pelagic axis in four bones (dentary, articular-angular, premaxilla and maxilla), as well as allometric shape differences between morphs in the dentary. Notably for the dentary, morph explained more shape variation than bone size. Comparatively, benthic morphs possess a compact and taller dentary, with shorter dentary palate, consistent with visible (but less prominent) differences in external morphology. As these morphs emerged in the last 10,000 years, these results indicate rapid functional evolution of specific feeding structures in arctic charr. This sets the stage for studies of the genetics and development of rapid and parallel craniofacial evolution.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0300359&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Guðbjörg Ósk Jónsdóttir Laura-Marie von Elm Finnur Ingimarsson Samuel Tersigni Sigurður Sveinn Snorrason Arnar Pálsson Sarah Elizabeth Steele Diversity in the internal functional feeding elements of sympatric morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). PLoS ONE |
| title | Diversity in the internal functional feeding elements of sympatric morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). |
| title_full | Diversity in the internal functional feeding elements of sympatric morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). |
| title_fullStr | Diversity in the internal functional feeding elements of sympatric morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity in the internal functional feeding elements of sympatric morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). |
| title_short | Diversity in the internal functional feeding elements of sympatric morphs of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). |
| title_sort | diversity in the internal functional feeding elements of sympatric morphs of arctic charr salvelinus alpinus |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0300359&type=printable |
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