Spatial dynamics of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance: geostatistical insights from Harris County, Texas

Abstract Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant public health threat, prompting the need to pinpoint high-risk areas for targeted interventions and environmental control measures. Culex quinquefasciatus is the primary vector for several mosquito-borne pathogens, including West Nile virus. Using...

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Main Authors: Morgan Jibowu, Melissa S. Nolan, Ryan Ramphul, Heather T. Essigmann, Abiodun O. Oluyomi, Eric L. Brown, Maximea Vigilant, Sarah M. Gunter
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:International Journal of Health Geographics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12942-024-00385-4
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author Morgan Jibowu
Melissa S. Nolan
Ryan Ramphul
Heather T. Essigmann
Abiodun O. Oluyomi
Eric L. Brown
Maximea Vigilant
Sarah M. Gunter
author_facet Morgan Jibowu
Melissa S. Nolan
Ryan Ramphul
Heather T. Essigmann
Abiodun O. Oluyomi
Eric L. Brown
Maximea Vigilant
Sarah M. Gunter
author_sort Morgan Jibowu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant public health threat, prompting the need to pinpoint high-risk areas for targeted interventions and environmental control measures. Culex quinquefasciatus is the primary vector for several mosquito-borne pathogens, including West Nile virus. Using spatial analysis and modeling techniques, we investigated the geospatial distribution of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance in the large metropolis of Harris County, Texas, from 2020 to 2022. Our geospatial analysis revealed clusters of high mosquito abundance, predominantly located in central Houston and the north-northwestern regions of Harris County, with lower mosquito abundance observed in the western and southeastern areas. We identified persistent high mosquito abundance in some of Houston’s oldest neighborhoods, highlighting the importance of considering socioeconomic factors, the built environment, and historical urban development patterns in understanding vector ecology. Additionally, we observed a positive correlation between mosquito abundance and neighborhood-level socioeconomic status with the area deprivation index explaining between 22 and 38% of the variation in mosquito abundance (p-value < 0.001). This further underscores the influence of the built environment on vector populations. Our study emphasizes the utility of spatial analysis, including hotspot analysis and geostatistical interpolation, for understanding mosquito abundance patterns to guide resource allocation and surveillance efforts. Using geostatistical analysis, we discerned fine-scale geospatial patterns of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance in Harris County, Texas, to inform targeted interventions in vulnerable communities, ultimately reducing the risk of mosquito exposure and mosquito-borne disease transmission. By integrating spatial analysis with epidemiologic risk assessment, we can enhance public health preparedness and response efforts to prevent and control mosquito-borne disease.
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spelling doaj-art-3407229af7b04befa37a4a9e6be90a9d2024-12-08T12:45:15ZengBMCInternational Journal of Health Geographics1476-072X2024-12-0123111210.1186/s12942-024-00385-4Spatial dynamics of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance: geostatistical insights from Harris County, TexasMorgan Jibowu0Melissa S. Nolan1Ryan Ramphul2Heather T. Essigmann3Abiodun O. Oluyomi4Eric L. Brown5Maximea Vigilant6Sarah M. Gunter7Department of Epidemiology, UTHealth School of Public HealthDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South CarolinaDepartment of Epidemiology, UTHealth School of Public HealthDepartment of Epidemiology, UTHealth School of Public HealthSection of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of MedicineDepartment of Epidemiology, UTHealth School of Public HealthHarris County Public Health, Mosquito and Vector Control DivisionDivision of Tropical Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s HospitalAbstract Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant public health threat, prompting the need to pinpoint high-risk areas for targeted interventions and environmental control measures. Culex quinquefasciatus is the primary vector for several mosquito-borne pathogens, including West Nile virus. Using spatial analysis and modeling techniques, we investigated the geospatial distribution of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance in the large metropolis of Harris County, Texas, from 2020 to 2022. Our geospatial analysis revealed clusters of high mosquito abundance, predominantly located in central Houston and the north-northwestern regions of Harris County, with lower mosquito abundance observed in the western and southeastern areas. We identified persistent high mosquito abundance in some of Houston’s oldest neighborhoods, highlighting the importance of considering socioeconomic factors, the built environment, and historical urban development patterns in understanding vector ecology. Additionally, we observed a positive correlation between mosquito abundance and neighborhood-level socioeconomic status with the area deprivation index explaining between 22 and 38% of the variation in mosquito abundance (p-value < 0.001). This further underscores the influence of the built environment on vector populations. Our study emphasizes the utility of spatial analysis, including hotspot analysis and geostatistical interpolation, for understanding mosquito abundance patterns to guide resource allocation and surveillance efforts. Using geostatistical analysis, we discerned fine-scale geospatial patterns of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance in Harris County, Texas, to inform targeted interventions in vulnerable communities, ultimately reducing the risk of mosquito exposure and mosquito-borne disease transmission. By integrating spatial analysis with epidemiologic risk assessment, we can enhance public health preparedness and response efforts to prevent and control mosquito-borne disease.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12942-024-00385-4Mosquito abundanceSpatial analysisBuilt environmentEnvironmental controlPublic healthHouston
spellingShingle Morgan Jibowu
Melissa S. Nolan
Ryan Ramphul
Heather T. Essigmann
Abiodun O. Oluyomi
Eric L. Brown
Maximea Vigilant
Sarah M. Gunter
Spatial dynamics of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance: geostatistical insights from Harris County, Texas
International Journal of Health Geographics
Mosquito abundance
Spatial analysis
Built environment
Environmental control
Public health
Houston
title Spatial dynamics of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance: geostatistical insights from Harris County, Texas
title_full Spatial dynamics of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance: geostatistical insights from Harris County, Texas
title_fullStr Spatial dynamics of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance: geostatistical insights from Harris County, Texas
title_full_unstemmed Spatial dynamics of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance: geostatistical insights from Harris County, Texas
title_short Spatial dynamics of Culex quinquefasciatus abundance: geostatistical insights from Harris County, Texas
title_sort spatial dynamics of culex quinquefasciatus abundance geostatistical insights from harris county texas
topic Mosquito abundance
Spatial analysis
Built environment
Environmental control
Public health
Houston
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12942-024-00385-4
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