Simulation of Crowd Evacuation in Asymmetrical Exit Layout Based on Improved Dynamic Parameters Model
Evacuation systems are crucial for minimizing casualties and property losses during emergencies. Understanding evacuee behavior in overcrowded situations is essential for developing effective evacuation strategies. However, evacuating large crowds from buildings with multiple exits is a challenging...
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| author | Omar Alidmat Hamza Abu Owida Umi Kalsom Yusof Ahmed Almaghthawi Askar Altalidi Rami S. Alkhawaldeh Suhaila Abuowaida Nawaf Alshdaifat Jamil AlShaqsi |
| author_facet | Omar Alidmat Hamza Abu Owida Umi Kalsom Yusof Ahmed Almaghthawi Askar Altalidi Rami S. Alkhawaldeh Suhaila Abuowaida Nawaf Alshdaifat Jamil AlShaqsi |
| author_sort | Omar Alidmat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Evacuation systems are crucial for minimizing casualties and property losses during emergencies. Understanding evacuee behavior in overcrowded situations is essential for developing effective evacuation strategies. However, evacuating large crowds from buildings with multiple exits is a challenging problem, especially when the exits are asymmetrical and the crowds are dense. This paper proposes a novel two-dimensional cellular automaton model for multi-exit evacuation, which simplifies evacuee decision-making in an asymmetrical exit layout within dense crowds. The model introduces the dynamic counting area technique, which dynamically adjusts the size and shape of the counting area around each exit based on the evacuee density level. This technique plays a crucial role in preventing the creation of overlapping counting areas between exits, which often leads to overestimated average evacuation time, unit evacuation time, and travel distance. Comparative analysis with previous dynamic parameter models (DPM) reveals notable results: the model achieved an average evacuation time of 201.20 time steps, a unit evacuation time of 0.50 time steps, and a travel distance of 28204 steps. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the improved model in addressing evacuation imbalances caused by asymmetrical exit layouts or evacuee distributions. Moreover, the study highlights the pivotal role of evacuee density around exits in determining exit choices during densely crowded emergency situations. The improved model can be applied to various scenarios and settings where multi-exit evacuation is required, such as stadiums, airports, or shopping malls. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-33b72aba229c4b54bf8572612ada2249 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-33b72aba229c4b54bf8572612ada22492025-01-15T00:03:16ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-01137512752510.1109/ACCESS.2024.342006810574811Simulation of Crowd Evacuation in Asymmetrical Exit Layout Based on Improved Dynamic Parameters ModelOmar Alidmat0https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3093-7343Hamza Abu Owida1Umi Kalsom Yusof2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4358-7430Ahmed Almaghthawi3Askar Altalidi4Rami S. Alkhawaldeh5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-7074Suhaila Abuowaida6Nawaf Alshdaifat7Jamil AlShaqsi8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4408-7967Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Zarqa University, Zarqa, JordanDepartment of Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, JordanSchool of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MalaysiaDepartment of Computer Science, College of Science and Art at Mahayil, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Information Systems, College of Science and Art at Mahayil, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Computer Information Systems, The University of Jordan, Aqaba, JordanDepartment of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Zarqa University, Zarqa, JordanFaculty of Information Technology, Applied Science Private University, Amman, JordanInformation Systems Department, Sultanate Qaboos University, Muscat, OmanEvacuation systems are crucial for minimizing casualties and property losses during emergencies. Understanding evacuee behavior in overcrowded situations is essential for developing effective evacuation strategies. However, evacuating large crowds from buildings with multiple exits is a challenging problem, especially when the exits are asymmetrical and the crowds are dense. This paper proposes a novel two-dimensional cellular automaton model for multi-exit evacuation, which simplifies evacuee decision-making in an asymmetrical exit layout within dense crowds. The model introduces the dynamic counting area technique, which dynamically adjusts the size and shape of the counting area around each exit based on the evacuee density level. This technique plays a crucial role in preventing the creation of overlapping counting areas between exits, which often leads to overestimated average evacuation time, unit evacuation time, and travel distance. Comparative analysis with previous dynamic parameter models (DPM) reveals notable results: the model achieved an average evacuation time of 201.20 time steps, a unit evacuation time of 0.50 time steps, and a travel distance of 28204 steps. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the improved model in addressing evacuation imbalances caused by asymmetrical exit layouts or evacuee distributions. Moreover, the study highlights the pivotal role of evacuee density around exits in determining exit choices during densely crowded emergency situations. The improved model can be applied to various scenarios and settings where multi-exit evacuation is required, such as stadiums, airports, or shopping malls.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10574811/Asymmetrical exit layoutcellular automaton modelcrowd simulationdynamic counting area techniquemulti-exit evacuation |
| spellingShingle | Omar Alidmat Hamza Abu Owida Umi Kalsom Yusof Ahmed Almaghthawi Askar Altalidi Rami S. Alkhawaldeh Suhaila Abuowaida Nawaf Alshdaifat Jamil AlShaqsi Simulation of Crowd Evacuation in Asymmetrical Exit Layout Based on Improved Dynamic Parameters Model IEEE Access Asymmetrical exit layout cellular automaton model crowd simulation dynamic counting area technique multi-exit evacuation |
| title | Simulation of Crowd Evacuation in Asymmetrical Exit Layout Based on Improved Dynamic Parameters Model |
| title_full | Simulation of Crowd Evacuation in Asymmetrical Exit Layout Based on Improved Dynamic Parameters Model |
| title_fullStr | Simulation of Crowd Evacuation in Asymmetrical Exit Layout Based on Improved Dynamic Parameters Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simulation of Crowd Evacuation in Asymmetrical Exit Layout Based on Improved Dynamic Parameters Model |
| title_short | Simulation of Crowd Evacuation in Asymmetrical Exit Layout Based on Improved Dynamic Parameters Model |
| title_sort | simulation of crowd evacuation in asymmetrical exit layout based on improved dynamic parameters model |
| topic | Asymmetrical exit layout cellular automaton model crowd simulation dynamic counting area technique multi-exit evacuation |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10574811/ |
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