Butachlor Tolerance in Wheat Seedlings

Butachlor, though reported to adversely affect growth by interfering with amino acid and protein synthesis, is still recommended for weed control in wheat. The present study reports for the first time the butachlor dose-dependent activation of phenol metabolism in wheat. Application of herbicide le...

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Main Authors: Hemlata Singh, Subhrojit Dolui, Rajeev Kumar, S. Pal, A. Bhattacharya
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Puspa Publishing House 2022-08-01
Series:International Journal of Economic Plants
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Online Access:https://ojs.pphouse.org/index.php/IJEP/article/view/4740
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author Hemlata Singh
Subhrojit Dolui
Rajeev Kumar
S. Pal
A. Bhattacharya
author_facet Hemlata Singh
Subhrojit Dolui
Rajeev Kumar
S. Pal
A. Bhattacharya
author_sort Hemlata Singh
collection DOAJ
description Butachlor, though reported to adversely affect growth by interfering with amino acid and protein synthesis, is still recommended for weed control in wheat. The present study reports for the first time the butachlor dose-dependent activation of phenol metabolism in wheat. Application of herbicide leads to stress in plant and it is well known fact that plants growing under stressful condition biosynthesize more phenolic compounds in comparison to plants growing under normal conditions. All the butachlor treatments stimulated the mean guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activity while all but one (double the recommended field dose, 2RFD) of the treatments enhanced phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity. The mean phenol content, which is dependent on relative activities of PAL and GPX, increased significantly at the lowest application rate (half the recommended field dose, 0.5RFD) of butachlor. The mean PAL activity and mean phenol content increased significantly on 20 and 30 days after application while mean GPX activity declined progressively throughout the experimental period. Butachlor-induced PAL activity showed hyperbolic dependence on its substrate, phenylalanine concentration that conformed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Measurement of kinetic parameters of PAL indicated that the maximum velocity (Vmax) remains unchanged (11.1 µmolt-cinnamic acid produced h-1 g-1) while Michaelis constant (Km) varied between 2.24 and 5.34 µM and increased with increasing butachlor treatments. Butachlor at its lower application rate with its role as a positive modulator of PAL enhances phenol accumulation, which forms a part of butachlor tolerance in wheat.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2349-4735
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publishDate 2022-08-01
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spelling doaj-art-3305ca57a31b45bc91218b3e95f018342024-12-14T10:40:00ZengPuspa Publishing HouseInternational Journal of Economic Plants2349-47352022-08-019Aug, 3Butachlor Tolerance in Wheat SeedlingsHemlata Singh0Subhrojit Dolui1Rajeev Kumar2S. Pal3A. Bhattacharya4Dept. of Agricultural Biochemistry, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), IndiaDept. of Agricultural Biochemistry, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), IndiaDept. of Agricultural Biochemistry, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), IndiaDept. of Agricultural Biochemistry, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), IndiaDept. of Agricultural Biochemistry, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), India Butachlor, though reported to adversely affect growth by interfering with amino acid and protein synthesis, is still recommended for weed control in wheat. The present study reports for the first time the butachlor dose-dependent activation of phenol metabolism in wheat. Application of herbicide leads to stress in plant and it is well known fact that plants growing under stressful condition biosynthesize more phenolic compounds in comparison to plants growing under normal conditions. All the butachlor treatments stimulated the mean guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activity while all but one (double the recommended field dose, 2RFD) of the treatments enhanced phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity. The mean phenol content, which is dependent on relative activities of PAL and GPX, increased significantly at the lowest application rate (half the recommended field dose, 0.5RFD) of butachlor. The mean PAL activity and mean phenol content increased significantly on 20 and 30 days after application while mean GPX activity declined progressively throughout the experimental period. Butachlor-induced PAL activity showed hyperbolic dependence on its substrate, phenylalanine concentration that conformed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Measurement of kinetic parameters of PAL indicated that the maximum velocity (Vmax) remains unchanged (11.1 µmolt-cinnamic acid produced h-1 g-1) while Michaelis constant (Km) varied between 2.24 and 5.34 µM and increased with increasing butachlor treatments. Butachlor at its lower application rate with its role as a positive modulator of PAL enhances phenol accumulation, which forms a part of butachlor tolerance in wheat. https://ojs.pphouse.org/index.php/IJEP/article/view/4740Butachlor, herbicide, PAL enzyme, total phenol, wheat
spellingShingle Hemlata Singh
Subhrojit Dolui
Rajeev Kumar
S. Pal
A. Bhattacharya
Butachlor Tolerance in Wheat Seedlings
International Journal of Economic Plants
Butachlor, herbicide, PAL enzyme, total phenol, wheat
title Butachlor Tolerance in Wheat Seedlings
title_full Butachlor Tolerance in Wheat Seedlings
title_fullStr Butachlor Tolerance in Wheat Seedlings
title_full_unstemmed Butachlor Tolerance in Wheat Seedlings
title_short Butachlor Tolerance in Wheat Seedlings
title_sort butachlor tolerance in wheat seedlings
topic Butachlor, herbicide, PAL enzyme, total phenol, wheat
url https://ojs.pphouse.org/index.php/IJEP/article/view/4740
work_keys_str_mv AT hemlatasingh butachlortoleranceinwheatseedlings
AT subhrojitdolui butachlortoleranceinwheatseedlings
AT rajeevkumar butachlortoleranceinwheatseedlings
AT spal butachlortoleranceinwheatseedlings
AT abhattacharya butachlortoleranceinwheatseedlings