Median Meld at Transplant Minus 3 Reduces the Mortality of Non-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients on the Liver Transplant Waitlist

Liver transplants (LTs) are prioritized by mortality risk, which is estimated by MELD scores. Since hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients present with lower MELD scores, they are allocated MELD exception points. Concerns persist that HCC recipients are over-prioritized, resulting in disproportiona...

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Main Authors: Panthea Pouramin, Susan E. Allen, Joseph L. Silburt, Boris L. Gala-Lopez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Current Oncology
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/31/11/519
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author Panthea Pouramin
Susan E. Allen
Joseph L. Silburt
Boris L. Gala-Lopez
author_facet Panthea Pouramin
Susan E. Allen
Joseph L. Silburt
Boris L. Gala-Lopez
author_sort Panthea Pouramin
collection DOAJ
description Liver transplants (LTs) are prioritized by mortality risk, which is estimated by MELD scores. Since hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients present with lower MELD scores, they are allocated MELD exception points. Concerns persist that HCC recipients are over-prioritized, resulting in disproportionate waitlist mortality among non-HCC patients. We assessed whether the Median Meld at Transplant minus 3 (MMaT-3) scoring system would balance waitlist mortality and transplantation rates between HCC and non-HCC patients. We reviewed 266 patient charts listed for an LT from 2015 to 2023; 46.2% were listed in the MMaT-3 era. Amongst non-HCC patients, MMaT-3 implementation significantly increased 1-year transplant rate and reduced 1-year waitlist mortality among non-HCC patients (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Pre-MMaT-3 gaps in transplantation (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and waitlist dropout (<i>p</i> = 0.01) were eliminated post-implementation (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Amongst HCC patients, MMaT-3 implementation had no impact on the 1-year transplant rate (<i>p</i> = 0.92) or 1-year waitlist mortality (<i>p</i> = 0.66). Fine-gray proportional hazard multivariable analysis revealed that MMaT-3 significantly reduced waitlist mortality among non-HCC patients (asHR: 0.44, 95% CI [0.23, 0.83], <i>p</i> = 0.01) and limited impact on HCC patients (<i>p</i> = 0.31). MMaT-3 allocation did not significantly alter 2-year post-transplant survival for both populations. We show that the MMaT-3 system decreased the waitlist mortality of non-HCC patients with limited impacts on outcomes for HCC patients listed for an LT.
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spelling doaj-art-32e9bbf6c5294334be3a3cf6bac8edc82024-11-26T17:58:59ZengMDPI AGCurrent Oncology1198-00521718-77292024-11-0131117051706010.3390/curroncol31110519Median Meld at Transplant Minus 3 Reduces the Mortality of Non-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients on the Liver Transplant WaitlistPanthea Pouramin0Susan E. Allen1Joseph L. Silburt2Boris L. Gala-Lopez3Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, CanadaMulti-Organ Transplant Program, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, CanadaFaculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, CanadaMulti-Organ Transplant Program, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, CanadaLiver transplants (LTs) are prioritized by mortality risk, which is estimated by MELD scores. Since hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients present with lower MELD scores, they are allocated MELD exception points. Concerns persist that HCC recipients are over-prioritized, resulting in disproportionate waitlist mortality among non-HCC patients. We assessed whether the Median Meld at Transplant minus 3 (MMaT-3) scoring system would balance waitlist mortality and transplantation rates between HCC and non-HCC patients. We reviewed 266 patient charts listed for an LT from 2015 to 2023; 46.2% were listed in the MMaT-3 era. Amongst non-HCC patients, MMaT-3 implementation significantly increased 1-year transplant rate and reduced 1-year waitlist mortality among non-HCC patients (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Pre-MMaT-3 gaps in transplantation (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and waitlist dropout (<i>p</i> = 0.01) were eliminated post-implementation (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Amongst HCC patients, MMaT-3 implementation had no impact on the 1-year transplant rate (<i>p</i> = 0.92) or 1-year waitlist mortality (<i>p</i> = 0.66). Fine-gray proportional hazard multivariable analysis revealed that MMaT-3 significantly reduced waitlist mortality among non-HCC patients (asHR: 0.44, 95% CI [0.23, 0.83], <i>p</i> = 0.01) and limited impact on HCC patients (<i>p</i> = 0.31). MMaT-3 allocation did not significantly alter 2-year post-transplant survival for both populations. We show that the MMaT-3 system decreased the waitlist mortality of non-HCC patients with limited impacts on outcomes for HCC patients listed for an LT.https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/31/11/519liver transplanthepatocellular carcinomaliver allocationwaitlist mortalityMELD scoreMMaT-3
spellingShingle Panthea Pouramin
Susan E. Allen
Joseph L. Silburt
Boris L. Gala-Lopez
Median Meld at Transplant Minus 3 Reduces the Mortality of Non-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients on the Liver Transplant Waitlist
Current Oncology
liver transplant
hepatocellular carcinoma
liver allocation
waitlist mortality
MELD score
MMaT-3
title Median Meld at Transplant Minus 3 Reduces the Mortality of Non-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients on the Liver Transplant Waitlist
title_full Median Meld at Transplant Minus 3 Reduces the Mortality of Non-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients on the Liver Transplant Waitlist
title_fullStr Median Meld at Transplant Minus 3 Reduces the Mortality of Non-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients on the Liver Transplant Waitlist
title_full_unstemmed Median Meld at Transplant Minus 3 Reduces the Mortality of Non-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients on the Liver Transplant Waitlist
title_short Median Meld at Transplant Minus 3 Reduces the Mortality of Non-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients on the Liver Transplant Waitlist
title_sort median meld at transplant minus 3 reduces the mortality of non hepatocellular carcinoma patients on the liver transplant waitlist
topic liver transplant
hepatocellular carcinoma
liver allocation
waitlist mortality
MELD score
MMaT-3
url https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/31/11/519
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