A 24-month National Cohort Study examining long-term effects of COVID-19 in children and young people
Abstract Background Some children and young people (CYP) infected with SARS-COV-2 experience impairing symptoms post-infection, known as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). Using data from the National Long COVID in Children and Young People (CloCk) study, we report symptoms and their impact up to 24-mon...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Communications Medicine |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00657-x |
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| author | Terence Stephenson Snehal M. Pinto Pereira Manjula D. Nugawela Emma Dalrymple Anthony Harnden Elizabeth Whittaker Isobel Heyman Tamsin Ford Terry Segal Trudie Chalder Shamez N. Ladhani Kelsey McOwat Ruth Simmons Laila Xu Lana Fox-Smith CLoCk Consortium Roz Shafran |
| author_facet | Terence Stephenson Snehal M. Pinto Pereira Manjula D. Nugawela Emma Dalrymple Anthony Harnden Elizabeth Whittaker Isobel Heyman Tamsin Ford Terry Segal Trudie Chalder Shamez N. Ladhani Kelsey McOwat Ruth Simmons Laila Xu Lana Fox-Smith CLoCk Consortium Roz Shafran |
| author_sort | Terence Stephenson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Some children and young people (CYP) infected with SARS-COV-2 experience impairing symptoms post-infection, known as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). Using data from the National Long COVID in Children and Young People (CloCk) study, we report symptoms and their impact up to 24-months post-infection. Methods CloCk is a cohort of CYP in England aged 11-to-17-years when they had a SARS-CoV-2 PCR-test (between September 2020 and March 2021). Of 31,012 eligible CYP 24-months post-PCR test, 12,632 participated (response = 40.7%). CYP were grouped by infection status: ‘initial test-negatives; no subsequent positive-test’ (NN); ‘initial test-negatives; subsequent positive-test’ (NP); ‘initial test-positives; no reported re-infection’ (PN); and ‘initial test-positives; reported re-infection’ (PP). The Delphi research definition of PCC in CYP was operationalised; symptom severity/impact and validated scales (e.g., Chalder Fatigue Scale) were recorded. We examine symptom profiles 24-month post-index-test by infection status. Results 7.2% of CYP consistently fulfil the PCC definition at 3-, 6-, 12- and 24-months. These CYPs have a median of 5-to-6 symptoms at each time-point. Between 20% and 25% of all infection status groups report 3+ symptoms 24-months post-testing; 10–25% experience 5+ symptoms. The reinfected group has more symptoms than the other positive groups; the NN group has the lowest symptom burden (p < 0.001). PCC is more common in older CYPs and in the most deprived. Symptom severity/impact is higher in those fulfilling the PCC definition. Conclusions The discrepancy in the proportion of CYP fulfilling the Delphi PCC definition at 24-months and those consistently fulfilling the definition across time, highlights the importance of longitudinal studies and the need to consider clinical impairment and range of symptoms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-323be53ae6ff4199bbda8b45d545f82a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2730-664X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Communications Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-323be53ae6ff4199bbda8b45d545f82a2024-12-08T12:44:24ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Medicine2730-664X2024-12-014111210.1038/s43856-024-00657-xA 24-month National Cohort Study examining long-term effects of COVID-19 in children and young peopleTerence Stephenson0Snehal M. Pinto Pereira1Manjula D. Nugawela2Emma Dalrymple3Anthony Harnden4Elizabeth Whittaker5Isobel Heyman6Tamsin Ford7Terry Segal8Trudie Chalder9Shamez N. Ladhani10Kelsey McOwat11Ruth Simmons12Laila Xu13Lana Fox-Smith14CLoCk ConsortiumRoz Shafran15UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthDivision of Surgery & Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College LondonUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of OxfordDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College LondonUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthDepartment of Psychiatry, University of CambridgeUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonImmunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security AgencyImmunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security AgencyImmunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security AgencyUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthAbstract Background Some children and young people (CYP) infected with SARS-COV-2 experience impairing symptoms post-infection, known as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). Using data from the National Long COVID in Children and Young People (CloCk) study, we report symptoms and their impact up to 24-months post-infection. Methods CloCk is a cohort of CYP in England aged 11-to-17-years when they had a SARS-CoV-2 PCR-test (between September 2020 and March 2021). Of 31,012 eligible CYP 24-months post-PCR test, 12,632 participated (response = 40.7%). CYP were grouped by infection status: ‘initial test-negatives; no subsequent positive-test’ (NN); ‘initial test-negatives; subsequent positive-test’ (NP); ‘initial test-positives; no reported re-infection’ (PN); and ‘initial test-positives; reported re-infection’ (PP). The Delphi research definition of PCC in CYP was operationalised; symptom severity/impact and validated scales (e.g., Chalder Fatigue Scale) were recorded. We examine symptom profiles 24-month post-index-test by infection status. Results 7.2% of CYP consistently fulfil the PCC definition at 3-, 6-, 12- and 24-months. These CYPs have a median of 5-to-6 symptoms at each time-point. Between 20% and 25% of all infection status groups report 3+ symptoms 24-months post-testing; 10–25% experience 5+ symptoms. The reinfected group has more symptoms than the other positive groups; the NN group has the lowest symptom burden (p < 0.001). PCC is more common in older CYPs and in the most deprived. Symptom severity/impact is higher in those fulfilling the PCC definition. Conclusions The discrepancy in the proportion of CYP fulfilling the Delphi PCC definition at 24-months and those consistently fulfilling the definition across time, highlights the importance of longitudinal studies and the need to consider clinical impairment and range of symptoms.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00657-x |
| spellingShingle | Terence Stephenson Snehal M. Pinto Pereira Manjula D. Nugawela Emma Dalrymple Anthony Harnden Elizabeth Whittaker Isobel Heyman Tamsin Ford Terry Segal Trudie Chalder Shamez N. Ladhani Kelsey McOwat Ruth Simmons Laila Xu Lana Fox-Smith CLoCk Consortium Roz Shafran A 24-month National Cohort Study examining long-term effects of COVID-19 in children and young people Communications Medicine |
| title | A 24-month National Cohort Study examining long-term effects of COVID-19 in children and young people |
| title_full | A 24-month National Cohort Study examining long-term effects of COVID-19 in children and young people |
| title_fullStr | A 24-month National Cohort Study examining long-term effects of COVID-19 in children and young people |
| title_full_unstemmed | A 24-month National Cohort Study examining long-term effects of COVID-19 in children and young people |
| title_short | A 24-month National Cohort Study examining long-term effects of COVID-19 in children and young people |
| title_sort | 24 month national cohort study examining long term effects of covid 19 in children and young people |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00657-x |
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