Exploring the Impact of eHMI Display Location and Vehicle Type on Pedestrian Perceptions: A VR User Study
External human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) are expected to improve pedestrian interactions with automated vehicles (AVs) and foster greater social acceptance. While earlier research has primarily focused on refining eHMI designs by examining different modalities and color preferences, determining the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10829614/ |
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| author | Nianzhao Zheng Jialong Li Yan Zhang Kenji Tei |
| author_facet | Nianzhao Zheng Jialong Li Yan Zhang Kenji Tei |
| author_sort | Nianzhao Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | External human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) are expected to improve pedestrian interactions with automated vehicles (AVs) and foster greater social acceptance. While earlier research has primarily focused on refining eHMI designs by examining different modalities and color preferences, determining the most effective eHMI location on vehicles remains a significant challenge. Although some studies have started investigating various eHMI display locations, a comprehensive analysis of factors related to vehicle type and eHMI location that affect pedestrian preferences remains insufficient. To address this gap, we conducted a Virtual Reality user study to evaluate pedestrian responses to different AVs equipped with eHMIs positioned in various locations. Our results indicate that pedestrians perceive larger vehicles as less safe, yet the increased visibility provided by longer light bands on these vehicles influences their crossing decisions. Furthermore, the location and height of the eHMI in relation to eye level are critical, as improper positioning can reduce its visibility, leading to a negative impression among participants. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-31e8f66abfee401b854af3d8446170ff |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-31e8f66abfee401b854af3d8446170ff2025-01-16T00:01:20ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-01134947495610.1109/ACCESS.2025.352617210829614Exploring the Impact of eHMI Display Location and Vehicle Type on Pedestrian Perceptions: A VR User StudyNianzhao Zheng0https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5486-4404Jialong Li1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4327-1807Yan Zhang2Kenji Tei3Department of Computer Science and Communications Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Computer Science and Communications Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, JapanGraduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Nanshan, ChinaSchool of Computing, Institute of Science Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, JapanExternal human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) are expected to improve pedestrian interactions with automated vehicles (AVs) and foster greater social acceptance. While earlier research has primarily focused on refining eHMI designs by examining different modalities and color preferences, determining the most effective eHMI location on vehicles remains a significant challenge. Although some studies have started investigating various eHMI display locations, a comprehensive analysis of factors related to vehicle type and eHMI location that affect pedestrian preferences remains insufficient. To address this gap, we conducted a Virtual Reality user study to evaluate pedestrian responses to different AVs equipped with eHMIs positioned in various locations. Our results indicate that pedestrians perceive larger vehicles as less safe, yet the increased visibility provided by longer light bands on these vehicles influences their crossing decisions. Furthermore, the location and height of the eHMI in relation to eye level are critical, as improper positioning can reduce its visibility, leading to a negative impression among participants.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10829614/eHMIdisplay locationvehicle typevehicle-pedestrian interaction |
| spellingShingle | Nianzhao Zheng Jialong Li Yan Zhang Kenji Tei Exploring the Impact of eHMI Display Location and Vehicle Type on Pedestrian Perceptions: A VR User Study IEEE Access eHMI display location vehicle type vehicle-pedestrian interaction |
| title | Exploring the Impact of eHMI Display Location and Vehicle Type on Pedestrian Perceptions: A VR User Study |
| title_full | Exploring the Impact of eHMI Display Location and Vehicle Type on Pedestrian Perceptions: A VR User Study |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the Impact of eHMI Display Location and Vehicle Type on Pedestrian Perceptions: A VR User Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Impact of eHMI Display Location and Vehicle Type on Pedestrian Perceptions: A VR User Study |
| title_short | Exploring the Impact of eHMI Display Location and Vehicle Type on Pedestrian Perceptions: A VR User Study |
| title_sort | exploring the impact of ehmi display location and vehicle type on pedestrian perceptions a vr user study |
| topic | eHMI display location vehicle type vehicle-pedestrian interaction |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10829614/ |
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