Vaccine sero-monitoring and sero-surveillance of Peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in West Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia
BackgroundPeste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute or subacute, highly contagious, and economically important, transboundary disease of small ruminants caused by Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV).ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the seroconversion rate in PPR vaccinat...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1392893/full |
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| author | Mesafint Mandefro Saddam Mohammed Ibrahim Demeke Sibhatu Nebiyou Kassa Kemal Emiyu Kebede Debebe Bereket Dessalegn Mastewal Birhan Molalegne Bitew |
| author_facet | Mesafint Mandefro Saddam Mohammed Ibrahim Demeke Sibhatu Nebiyou Kassa Kemal Emiyu Kebede Debebe Bereket Dessalegn Mastewal Birhan Molalegne Bitew |
| author_sort | Mesafint Mandefro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundPeste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute or subacute, highly contagious, and economically important, transboundary disease of small ruminants caused by Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV).ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the seroconversion rate in PPR vaccinated flock of sheep (Sekela district) and the seroprevalence of PPRV in unvaccinated flocks of sheep and goats (Yilmanadensa district).MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2022 in two selected districts of West Gojjam zone, Ethiopia. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select sampling units by successively selecting districts, kebeles, and villages purposively based on their accessibility and vaccination status. Individual animals were selected haphazardly mimicking simple random sampling. Accordingly, a total of 660 blood samples were collected. Out of this, 300 sheep were vaccinated 4 months prior to sampling using the Nigerian 75/1 strain-based freeze-dried live attenuated PPR vaccine and 360 small ruminants (288 sheep and 72 goats) were unvaccinated and assayed for anti-PPRV antibodies using commercial c-ELISA.ResultsThe post-vaccination herd immunity was 76.66% (95% CI: 71.46–81.34), which is slightly lower than the threshold herd immunity recommended by the PPR global control and eradication strategy, which is set to be 80%, to efficiently break the epidemiological cycle of the virus. Seroprevalence of PPRV in unvaccinated sheep and goats was 3.61% (95% CI: 1.94–6.1), indicating the possible circulation of PPRV in the area. Although small ruminants develop solid immunity following natural infection in endemic countries, the infection of naïve animals allows continuous circulation of the virus.ConclusionsIn light of the accumulating evidence of low post-vaccination herd immunity in small ruminants in Ethiopia, the undergoing PPR vaccination strategy needs to be reevaluated to achieve the desired herd immunity at any time ultimately aiding the eradication goal by 2030. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-31dd49cc2b284f01a72df88a921168aa |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-31dd49cc2b284f01a72df88a921168aa2024-12-13T06:21:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692024-12-011110.3389/fvets.2024.13928931392893Vaccine sero-monitoring and sero-surveillance of Peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in West Gojjam zone, Amhara region, EthiopiaMesafint Mandefro0Saddam Mohammed Ibrahim1Demeke Sibhatu2Nebiyou Kassa3Kemal Emiyu4Kebede Debebe5Bereket Dessalegn6Mastewal Birhan7Molalegne Bitew8Metema District Livestock and Fishery Resource Development Office, Metema, EthiopiaCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaSerology Laboratory, Animal Health Institute, Sebeta, EthiopiaSerology Laboratory, Animal Health Institute, Sebeta, EthiopiaSerology Laboratory, Animal Health Institute, Sebeta, EthiopiaSerology Laboratory, Animal Health Institute, Sebeta, EthiopiaCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Health Biotechnology, Bio and Emerging Institute Technology, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaBackgroundPeste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute or subacute, highly contagious, and economically important, transboundary disease of small ruminants caused by Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV).ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the seroconversion rate in PPR vaccinated flock of sheep (Sekela district) and the seroprevalence of PPRV in unvaccinated flocks of sheep and goats (Yilmanadensa district).MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2022 in two selected districts of West Gojjam zone, Ethiopia. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select sampling units by successively selecting districts, kebeles, and villages purposively based on their accessibility and vaccination status. Individual animals were selected haphazardly mimicking simple random sampling. Accordingly, a total of 660 blood samples were collected. Out of this, 300 sheep were vaccinated 4 months prior to sampling using the Nigerian 75/1 strain-based freeze-dried live attenuated PPR vaccine and 360 small ruminants (288 sheep and 72 goats) were unvaccinated and assayed for anti-PPRV antibodies using commercial c-ELISA.ResultsThe post-vaccination herd immunity was 76.66% (95% CI: 71.46–81.34), which is slightly lower than the threshold herd immunity recommended by the PPR global control and eradication strategy, which is set to be 80%, to efficiently break the epidemiological cycle of the virus. Seroprevalence of PPRV in unvaccinated sheep and goats was 3.61% (95% CI: 1.94–6.1), indicating the possible circulation of PPRV in the area. Although small ruminants develop solid immunity following natural infection in endemic countries, the infection of naïve animals allows continuous circulation of the virus.ConclusionsIn light of the accumulating evidence of low post-vaccination herd immunity in small ruminants in Ethiopia, the undergoing PPR vaccination strategy needs to be reevaluated to achieve the desired herd immunity at any time ultimately aiding the eradication goal by 2030.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1392893/fullAmhara National Regional StatePPR eradicationseroconversionseroprevalencesmall ruminantsvaccine monitoring |
| spellingShingle | Mesafint Mandefro Saddam Mohammed Ibrahim Demeke Sibhatu Nebiyou Kassa Kemal Emiyu Kebede Debebe Bereket Dessalegn Mastewal Birhan Molalegne Bitew Vaccine sero-monitoring and sero-surveillance of Peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in West Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia Frontiers in Veterinary Science Amhara National Regional State PPR eradication seroconversion seroprevalence small ruminants vaccine monitoring |
| title | Vaccine sero-monitoring and sero-surveillance of Peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in West Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia |
| title_full | Vaccine sero-monitoring and sero-surveillance of Peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in West Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Vaccine sero-monitoring and sero-surveillance of Peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in West Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vaccine sero-monitoring and sero-surveillance of Peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in West Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia |
| title_short | Vaccine sero-monitoring and sero-surveillance of Peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in West Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia |
| title_sort | vaccine sero monitoring and sero surveillance of peste des petits ruminants in small ruminants in west gojjam zone amhara region ethiopia |
| topic | Amhara National Regional State PPR eradication seroconversion seroprevalence small ruminants vaccine monitoring |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1392893/full |
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