Innovative pan-tumor target strategy for CAR-T therapy: cancer-specific exons as novel targets for pediatric solid and brain tumors

Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy has achieved remarkable success in treating chemotherapy-refractory hematological malignancies. However, its efficacy in solid and brain tumors remains limited due to challenges such as insufficient target antigens, poor T-cell adaptabi...

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Main Authors: Yuqing Luo, Jianqiao Shentu, Hening Xu, Yongming Xia, Lili Fang, Shiwei Duan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-11-01
Series:Journal of Translational Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-05861-w
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author Yuqing Luo
Jianqiao Shentu
Hening Xu
Yongming Xia
Lili Fang
Shiwei Duan
author_facet Yuqing Luo
Jianqiao Shentu
Hening Xu
Yongming Xia
Lili Fang
Shiwei Duan
author_sort Yuqing Luo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy has achieved remarkable success in treating chemotherapy-refractory hematological malignancies. However, its efficacy in solid and brain tumors remains limited due to challenges such as insufficient target antigens, poor T-cell adaptability, inefficient tumor site trafficking, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To address these challenges, Shaw and colleagues proposed an innovative strategy targeting cancer-specific exons (CSEs) in pediatric solid and brain tumors. Using RNA sequencing data from 16 tumor types, the study identified 157 highly tumor-specific targets, including both known and novel proteins. The researchers validated several targets, including FN1 and COL11A1, demonstrating their therapeutic potential in in vitro and in vivo models. The study's approach of integrating exon-level analysis with a broad search for extracellular matrix proteins offers a new frontier for CAR-T therapy, providing valuable insights for improving immunotherapy in pediatric solid tumors. Although promising, the study also highlights the need for further evaluation of tumor recurrence and CAR-T cell exhaustion. The identification of novel pan-tumor targets may revolutionize CAR-T therapy design and expand its application in pediatric cancer treatment.
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issn 1479-5876
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publisher BMC
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series Journal of Translational Medicine
spelling doaj-art-31b9fec881b14c40883397a06b03bb022024-11-17T12:46:04ZengBMCJournal of Translational Medicine1479-58762024-11-012211410.1186/s12967-024-05861-wInnovative pan-tumor target strategy for CAR-T therapy: cancer-specific exons as novel targets for pediatric solid and brain tumorsYuqing Luo0Jianqiao Shentu1Hening Xu2Yongming Xia3Lili Fang4Shiwei Duan5Department of Hematology, Yuyao People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, The Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo UniversityDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityDepartment of Hematology, Yuyao People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, The Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo UniversityDepartment of Hematology, Yuyao People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, The Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo UniversityDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityAbstract Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy has achieved remarkable success in treating chemotherapy-refractory hematological malignancies. However, its efficacy in solid and brain tumors remains limited due to challenges such as insufficient target antigens, poor T-cell adaptability, inefficient tumor site trafficking, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To address these challenges, Shaw and colleagues proposed an innovative strategy targeting cancer-specific exons (CSEs) in pediatric solid and brain tumors. Using RNA sequencing data from 16 tumor types, the study identified 157 highly tumor-specific targets, including both known and novel proteins. The researchers validated several targets, including FN1 and COL11A1, demonstrating their therapeutic potential in in vitro and in vivo models. The study's approach of integrating exon-level analysis with a broad search for extracellular matrix proteins offers a new frontier for CAR-T therapy, providing valuable insights for improving immunotherapy in pediatric solid tumors. Although promising, the study also highlights the need for further evaluation of tumor recurrence and CAR-T cell exhaustion. The identification of novel pan-tumor targets may revolutionize CAR-T therapy design and expand its application in pediatric cancer treatment.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-05861-wCAR-T immunotherapyCancer-specific exonsPediatric tumorsSolid tumorsTumor microenvironment
spellingShingle Yuqing Luo
Jianqiao Shentu
Hening Xu
Yongming Xia
Lili Fang
Shiwei Duan
Innovative pan-tumor target strategy for CAR-T therapy: cancer-specific exons as novel targets for pediatric solid and brain tumors
Journal of Translational Medicine
CAR-T immunotherapy
Cancer-specific exons
Pediatric tumors
Solid tumors
Tumor microenvironment
title Innovative pan-tumor target strategy for CAR-T therapy: cancer-specific exons as novel targets for pediatric solid and brain tumors
title_full Innovative pan-tumor target strategy for CAR-T therapy: cancer-specific exons as novel targets for pediatric solid and brain tumors
title_fullStr Innovative pan-tumor target strategy for CAR-T therapy: cancer-specific exons as novel targets for pediatric solid and brain tumors
title_full_unstemmed Innovative pan-tumor target strategy for CAR-T therapy: cancer-specific exons as novel targets for pediatric solid and brain tumors
title_short Innovative pan-tumor target strategy for CAR-T therapy: cancer-specific exons as novel targets for pediatric solid and brain tumors
title_sort innovative pan tumor target strategy for car t therapy cancer specific exons as novel targets for pediatric solid and brain tumors
topic CAR-T immunotherapy
Cancer-specific exons
Pediatric tumors
Solid tumors
Tumor microenvironment
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-05861-w
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