Association of frailty with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults: insights from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey
BackgroundPrevious studies suggest that frailty increases the risk of mortality, but the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in Chinese community-dwelling older adults remains understudied. Our aim was to explore the effect of frailty on cardiovascular and all-cause mortalit...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1499099/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846111677498523648 |
|---|---|
| author | Hui Gao Hui Gao Qiaoli Ma Jiahai Li Qinghui Zhang |
| author_facet | Hui Gao Hui Gao Qiaoli Ma Jiahai Li Qinghui Zhang |
| author_sort | Hui Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundPrevious studies suggest that frailty increases the risk of mortality, but the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in Chinese community-dwelling older adults remains understudied. Our aim was to explore the effect of frailty on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in older adults based on a large-scale prospective survey of community-dwelling older adults in China.MethodsWe utilized the 2014–2018 cohort of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey and constructed a frailty index (FI) to assess frailty status. Propensity score matching was used to equalize the baseline characteristics of participants to strengthen the reliability of the findings. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariate Cox models, adjusting for potential confounders, to assess the association between frailty and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. The relationship between frailty and cardiovascular mortality was further explored using a competing risk model considering death as a competing event. The dose–response relationships between them were estimated using restricted cubic spline models.ResultsThe results of the multivariate Cox model found that the frailty group had a higher risk of CVD mortality (1.94, 95% CI: 1.43–2.63) and all-cause mortality (1.87, 95% CI: 1.63–2.14) in compared with the non-frailty group. The multivariate competing risks model suggested a higher risk of CVD mortality in the frailty group (1.94, 95% CI: 1.48–2.53). The analysis found no non-linear relationship between FI and the risk of CVD mortality but a non-linear dose–response relationship with the risk of all-cause mortality.ConclusionsFrail older adults demonstrated a stronger risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. Reversing frailty in older adults is therefore expected to reduce the risk of death in older adults. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-31666f5e2d1a4b97b697ebc2565b4b5d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-31666f5e2d1a4b97b697ebc2565b4b5d2024-12-23T06:39:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2024-12-011110.3389/fcvm.2024.14990991499099Association of frailty with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults: insights from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity surveyHui Gao0Hui Gao1Qiaoli Ma2Jiahai Li3Qinghui Zhang4Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, ChinaGraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, ChinaDepartment of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, ChinaBackgroundPrevious studies suggest that frailty increases the risk of mortality, but the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in Chinese community-dwelling older adults remains understudied. Our aim was to explore the effect of frailty on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in older adults based on a large-scale prospective survey of community-dwelling older adults in China.MethodsWe utilized the 2014–2018 cohort of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey and constructed a frailty index (FI) to assess frailty status. Propensity score matching was used to equalize the baseline characteristics of participants to strengthen the reliability of the findings. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariate Cox models, adjusting for potential confounders, to assess the association between frailty and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. The relationship between frailty and cardiovascular mortality was further explored using a competing risk model considering death as a competing event. The dose–response relationships between them were estimated using restricted cubic spline models.ResultsThe results of the multivariate Cox model found that the frailty group had a higher risk of CVD mortality (1.94, 95% CI: 1.43–2.63) and all-cause mortality (1.87, 95% CI: 1.63–2.14) in compared with the non-frailty group. The multivariate competing risks model suggested a higher risk of CVD mortality in the frailty group (1.94, 95% CI: 1.48–2.53). The analysis found no non-linear relationship between FI and the risk of CVD mortality but a non-linear dose–response relationship with the risk of all-cause mortality.ConclusionsFrail older adults demonstrated a stronger risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. Reversing frailty in older adults is therefore expected to reduce the risk of death in older adults.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1499099/fullChinese older adultsfrailtycardiovascular disease mortalityall-cause mortalitygeriatric epidemiologycompeting risk |
| spellingShingle | Hui Gao Hui Gao Qiaoli Ma Jiahai Li Qinghui Zhang Association of frailty with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults: insights from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine Chinese older adults frailty cardiovascular disease mortality all-cause mortality geriatric epidemiology competing risk |
| title | Association of frailty with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults: insights from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey |
| title_full | Association of frailty with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults: insights from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey |
| title_fullStr | Association of frailty with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults: insights from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of frailty with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults: insights from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey |
| title_short | Association of frailty with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults: insights from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey |
| title_sort | association of frailty with cardiovascular and all cause mortality in community dwelling older adults insights from the chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey |
| topic | Chinese older adults frailty cardiovascular disease mortality all-cause mortality geriatric epidemiology competing risk |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1499099/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT huigao associationoffrailtywithcardiovascularandallcausemortalityincommunitydwellingolderadultsinsightsfromthechineselongitudinalhealthylongevitysurvey AT huigao associationoffrailtywithcardiovascularandallcausemortalityincommunitydwellingolderadultsinsightsfromthechineselongitudinalhealthylongevitysurvey AT qiaolima associationoffrailtywithcardiovascularandallcausemortalityincommunitydwellingolderadultsinsightsfromthechineselongitudinalhealthylongevitysurvey AT jiahaili associationoffrailtywithcardiovascularandallcausemortalityincommunitydwellingolderadultsinsightsfromthechineselongitudinalhealthylongevitysurvey AT qinghuizhang associationoffrailtywithcardiovascularandallcausemortalityincommunitydwellingolderadultsinsightsfromthechineselongitudinalhealthylongevitysurvey |