Sec-CLOCs: Multimodal Back-End Fusion-Based Object Detection Algorithm in Snowy Scenes

LiDAR and cameras, often regarded as the “eyes” of intelligent driving vehicles, are vulnerable to adverse weather conditions like haze, rain, and snow, compromising driving safety. In order to solve this problem and enhance the environmental sensing capability under severe weather conditions, this...

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Main Authors: Rui Gong, Xiangsuo Fan, Dengsheng Cai, You Lu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Sensors
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/22/7401
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author Rui Gong
Xiangsuo Fan
Dengsheng Cai
You Lu
author_facet Rui Gong
Xiangsuo Fan
Dengsheng Cai
You Lu
author_sort Rui Gong
collection DOAJ
description LiDAR and cameras, often regarded as the “eyes” of intelligent driving vehicles, are vulnerable to adverse weather conditions like haze, rain, and snow, compromising driving safety. In order to solve this problem and enhance the environmental sensing capability under severe weather conditions, this paper proposes a multimodal back-end fusion object detection method, Sec-CLOCs, which is specifically optimized for vehicle detection under heavy snow. This method achieves object detection by integrating an improved YOLOv8s 2D detector with a SECOND 3D detector. First, the quality of image data is enhanced through the Two-stage Knowledge Learning and Multi-contrastive Regularization (TKLMR) image processing algorithm. Additionally, the DyHead detection head and Wise-IOU loss function are introduced to optimize YOLOv8s and improve 2D detection performance.The LIDROR algorithm preprocesses point cloud data for the SECOND detector, yielding 3D object detection results. The CLOCs back-end fusion algorithm is then employed to merge the 2D and 3D detection outcomes, thereby enhancing overall object detection capabilities. The experimental results show that the Sec-CLOCs algorithm achieves a vehicle detection accuracy of 82.34% in moderate mode (30–100 m) and 81.76% in hard mode (more than 100 m) under heavy snowfall, which demonstrates the algorithm’s high detection performance and robustness.
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institution Kabale University
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language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
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spelling doaj-art-3113629f3d8d4f3f86b17c517116d38d2024-11-26T18:21:51ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-11-012422740110.3390/s24227401Sec-CLOCs: Multimodal Back-End Fusion-Based Object Detection Algorithm in Snowy ScenesRui Gong0Xiangsuo Fan1Dengsheng Cai2You Lu3School of Automation, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, ChinaSchool of Automation, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, ChinaGuangxi LiuGong Machinery Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 545006, ChinaSchool of Automation, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, ChinaLiDAR and cameras, often regarded as the “eyes” of intelligent driving vehicles, are vulnerable to adverse weather conditions like haze, rain, and snow, compromising driving safety. In order to solve this problem and enhance the environmental sensing capability under severe weather conditions, this paper proposes a multimodal back-end fusion object detection method, Sec-CLOCs, which is specifically optimized for vehicle detection under heavy snow. This method achieves object detection by integrating an improved YOLOv8s 2D detector with a SECOND 3D detector. First, the quality of image data is enhanced through the Two-stage Knowledge Learning and Multi-contrastive Regularization (TKLMR) image processing algorithm. Additionally, the DyHead detection head and Wise-IOU loss function are introduced to optimize YOLOv8s and improve 2D detection performance.The LIDROR algorithm preprocesses point cloud data for the SECOND detector, yielding 3D object detection results. The CLOCs back-end fusion algorithm is then employed to merge the 2D and 3D detection outcomes, thereby enhancing overall object detection capabilities. The experimental results show that the Sec-CLOCs algorithm achieves a vehicle detection accuracy of 82.34% in moderate mode (30–100 m) and 81.76% in hard mode (more than 100 m) under heavy snowfall, which demonstrates the algorithm’s high detection performance and robustness.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/22/7401DyHeadLIDRORmultimodal object detectionSec-CLOCsWise-IOUYOLOv8s
spellingShingle Rui Gong
Xiangsuo Fan
Dengsheng Cai
You Lu
Sec-CLOCs: Multimodal Back-End Fusion-Based Object Detection Algorithm in Snowy Scenes
Sensors
DyHead
LIDROR
multimodal object detection
Sec-CLOCs
Wise-IOU
YOLOv8s
title Sec-CLOCs: Multimodal Back-End Fusion-Based Object Detection Algorithm in Snowy Scenes
title_full Sec-CLOCs: Multimodal Back-End Fusion-Based Object Detection Algorithm in Snowy Scenes
title_fullStr Sec-CLOCs: Multimodal Back-End Fusion-Based Object Detection Algorithm in Snowy Scenes
title_full_unstemmed Sec-CLOCs: Multimodal Back-End Fusion-Based Object Detection Algorithm in Snowy Scenes
title_short Sec-CLOCs: Multimodal Back-End Fusion-Based Object Detection Algorithm in Snowy Scenes
title_sort sec clocs multimodal back end fusion based object detection algorithm in snowy scenes
topic DyHead
LIDROR
multimodal object detection
Sec-CLOCs
Wise-IOU
YOLOv8s
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/22/7401
work_keys_str_mv AT ruigong secclocsmultimodalbackendfusionbasedobjectdetectionalgorithminsnowyscenes
AT xiangsuofan secclocsmultimodalbackendfusionbasedobjectdetectionalgorithminsnowyscenes
AT dengshengcai secclocsmultimodalbackendfusionbasedobjectdetectionalgorithminsnowyscenes
AT youlu secclocsmultimodalbackendfusionbasedobjectdetectionalgorithminsnowyscenes