Maternal Vitamin B12 in Pregnancy and Placental Development
Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is an essential nutrient required for diverse physiological functions secondary to its role as a critical cofactor for two mammalian enzymes, methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. While essential throughout all life stages, several pathways that require vitamin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/3439995 |
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| author | Amrita Arcot Rachel E. Walker Kelly Gallagher Kevin C. Klatt Alison D. Gernand |
| author_facet | Amrita Arcot Rachel E. Walker Kelly Gallagher Kevin C. Klatt Alison D. Gernand |
| author_sort | Amrita Arcot |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is an essential nutrient required for diverse physiological functions secondary to its role as a critical cofactor for two mammalian enzymes, methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. While essential throughout all life stages, several pathways that require vitamin B12, including hematopoiesis, myelination, and DNA/histone methylation, are particularly critical during pregnancy and fetal development. This narrative review aims to describe vitamin B12 in pregnancy, with emphasis on the placenta’s role in ensuring adequate nutrition of the fetus and impacts of vitamin B12 deficiency on placental development and function. Our literature search included preclinical model systems and human cohorts and interventions. Our review identified evidence of B12 deficiency resulting in impaired placental development, greater placental inflammation, and modulation of placental docosahexaenoic acid concentration, collectively suggestive of vitamin B12 deficiency as a determinant of both maternal and fetal health outcomes. Heterogeneity in study design complicated generalization of findings. Future studies should consider selecting a B12 marker that is relatively stable across pregnancy, such as holotranscobalamin, while accounting for important confounders such as maternal folate. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3109de7d226b4f98a62c1b7ea9ce9bbd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-0732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj-art-3109de7d226b4f98a62c1b7ea9ce9bbd2025-01-02T22:32:27ZengWileyJournal of Nutrition and Metabolism2090-07322024-01-01202410.1155/2024/3439995Maternal Vitamin B12 in Pregnancy and Placental DevelopmentAmrita Arcot0Rachel E. Walker1Kelly Gallagher2Kevin C. Klatt3Alison D. Gernand4Department of Nutritional SciencesDepartment of Nutritional SciencesRoss and Carol Nese College of NursingDepartment of Nutritional Sciences and ToxicologyDepartment of Nutritional SciencesVitamin B12, or cobalamin, is an essential nutrient required for diverse physiological functions secondary to its role as a critical cofactor for two mammalian enzymes, methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. While essential throughout all life stages, several pathways that require vitamin B12, including hematopoiesis, myelination, and DNA/histone methylation, are particularly critical during pregnancy and fetal development. This narrative review aims to describe vitamin B12 in pregnancy, with emphasis on the placenta’s role in ensuring adequate nutrition of the fetus and impacts of vitamin B12 deficiency on placental development and function. Our literature search included preclinical model systems and human cohorts and interventions. Our review identified evidence of B12 deficiency resulting in impaired placental development, greater placental inflammation, and modulation of placental docosahexaenoic acid concentration, collectively suggestive of vitamin B12 deficiency as a determinant of both maternal and fetal health outcomes. Heterogeneity in study design complicated generalization of findings. Future studies should consider selecting a B12 marker that is relatively stable across pregnancy, such as holotranscobalamin, while accounting for important confounders such as maternal folate.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/3439995 |
| spellingShingle | Amrita Arcot Rachel E. Walker Kelly Gallagher Kevin C. Klatt Alison D. Gernand Maternal Vitamin B12 in Pregnancy and Placental Development Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| title | Maternal Vitamin B12 in Pregnancy and Placental Development |
| title_full | Maternal Vitamin B12 in Pregnancy and Placental Development |
| title_fullStr | Maternal Vitamin B12 in Pregnancy and Placental Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maternal Vitamin B12 in Pregnancy and Placental Development |
| title_short | Maternal Vitamin B12 in Pregnancy and Placental Development |
| title_sort | maternal vitamin b12 in pregnancy and placental development |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/3439995 |
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