Disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with AIDS and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a case report
Abstract Background Disseminated nocardiosis is a rare and potentially fatal disease, with a higher incidence in immunocompromised patients, such as those living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hematological malignancies, including lymphoma. Information on Nocardia spp. infection in Venez...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10413-0 |
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| author | Delvis R. Reverón David M. Flora-Noda Lily M. Soto Maribel Dolande Juan Frey Aleiram Chaurio Bárbara D. Ruiz-Alayón Jocays Caldera Fhabián S. Carrión-Nessi David A. Forero-Peña |
| author_facet | Delvis R. Reverón David M. Flora-Noda Lily M. Soto Maribel Dolande Juan Frey Aleiram Chaurio Bárbara D. Ruiz-Alayón Jocays Caldera Fhabián S. Carrión-Nessi David A. Forero-Peña |
| author_sort | Delvis R. Reverón |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Disseminated nocardiosis is a rare and potentially fatal disease, with a higher incidence in immunocompromised patients, such as those living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hematological malignancies, including lymphoma. Information on Nocardia spp. infection in Venezuela is limited. Case presentation We present the case of a 62-year-old male patient, recently diagnosed with HIV, who exhibited prolonged fever and unintentional weight loss. Paraclinical tests revealed pancytopenia and a marked elevation of lactate dehydrogenase. Disseminated histoplasmosis was suspected, prompting a bone marrow (BM) aspirate. Culture and molecular studies for Histoplasma spp. and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in BM samples were negative. Antiretroviral therapy with tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir was initiated, but the patient subsequently experienced clinical deterioration, including ascites, pericardial effusion, and respiratory failure. Post-mortem biopsy and immunohistochemistry identified non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of B-cell lineage, and mycological culture of BM isolated Nocardia farcinica. Conclusion Disseminated nocardiosis may mimic histoplasmosis. Nocardia spp. infection should be considered in HIV patients, particularly in advanced stages of infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-30ba70856d704384b86899372baed1c5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-30ba70856d704384b86899372baed1c52025-01-12T12:09:42ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-01-012511810.1186/s12879-024-10413-0Disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with AIDS and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a case reportDelvis R. Reverón0David M. Flora-Noda1Lily M. Soto2Maribel Dolande3Juan Frey4Aleiram Chaurio5Bárbara D. Ruiz-Alayón6Jocays Caldera7Fhabián S. Carrión-Nessi8David A. Forero-Peña9Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario de CaracasDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario de CaracasDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario de CaracasDepartment of Mycology, Instituto Nacional de Higiene “Rafael Rangel”Department of Mycology, Instituto Nacional de Higiene “Rafael Rangel”Department of Mycology, Instituto Nacional de Higiene “Rafael Rangel”Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de CaracasDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario de Caracas“Luis Razetti” School of Medicine, Universidad Central de VenezuelaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario de CaracasAbstract Background Disseminated nocardiosis is a rare and potentially fatal disease, with a higher incidence in immunocompromised patients, such as those living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hematological malignancies, including lymphoma. Information on Nocardia spp. infection in Venezuela is limited. Case presentation We present the case of a 62-year-old male patient, recently diagnosed with HIV, who exhibited prolonged fever and unintentional weight loss. Paraclinical tests revealed pancytopenia and a marked elevation of lactate dehydrogenase. Disseminated histoplasmosis was suspected, prompting a bone marrow (BM) aspirate. Culture and molecular studies for Histoplasma spp. and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in BM samples were negative. Antiretroviral therapy with tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir was initiated, but the patient subsequently experienced clinical deterioration, including ascites, pericardial effusion, and respiratory failure. Post-mortem biopsy and immunohistochemistry identified non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of B-cell lineage, and mycological culture of BM isolated Nocardia farcinica. Conclusion Disseminated nocardiosis may mimic histoplasmosis. Nocardia spp. infection should be considered in HIV patients, particularly in advanced stages of infection.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10413-0NocardiaNocardiosisHuman immunodeficiency virusNon-hodgkin’s lymphomaCase reportsVenezuela |
| spellingShingle | Delvis R. Reverón David M. Flora-Noda Lily M. Soto Maribel Dolande Juan Frey Aleiram Chaurio Bárbara D. Ruiz-Alayón Jocays Caldera Fhabián S. Carrión-Nessi David A. Forero-Peña Disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with AIDS and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a case report BMC Infectious Diseases Nocardia Nocardiosis Human immunodeficiency virus Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma Case reports Venezuela |
| title | Disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with AIDS and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a case report |
| title_full | Disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with AIDS and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a case report |
| title_fullStr | Disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with AIDS and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with AIDS and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a case report |
| title_short | Disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with AIDS and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a case report |
| title_sort | disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with aids and b cell non hodgkin s lymphoma a case report |
| topic | Nocardia Nocardiosis Human immunodeficiency virus Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma Case reports Venezuela |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10413-0 |
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