Remediation of Azure A Dye from Aqueous Solution by Using Surface-Modified Coal Fly Ash Extracted Ferrospheres by Mineral Acids and Toxicity Assessment

The Indian coal fly ash (CFA) is composed of 5-15% ferrous fractions. The variation in percentage depends on the source of coal and the operating conditions of the thermal power plants. The present research work reports the recovery of ferrous particles from CFA by the wet magnetic separation method...

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Main Authors: Virendra Kumar Yadav, Gajendra Kumar Inwati, Daoud Ali, G. Gnanamoorthy, Sweta Parimita Bera, Samreen Heena Khan, Nisha Choudhary, Gokhlesh Kumar, Tejulal Prasad Chaurasia, Anup Basnet
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2022-01-01
Series:Adsorption Science & Technology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7012889
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author Virendra Kumar Yadav
Gajendra Kumar Inwati
Daoud Ali
G. Gnanamoorthy
Sweta Parimita Bera
Samreen Heena Khan
Nisha Choudhary
Gokhlesh Kumar
Tejulal Prasad Chaurasia
Anup Basnet
author_facet Virendra Kumar Yadav
Gajendra Kumar Inwati
Daoud Ali
G. Gnanamoorthy
Sweta Parimita Bera
Samreen Heena Khan
Nisha Choudhary
Gokhlesh Kumar
Tejulal Prasad Chaurasia
Anup Basnet
author_sort Virendra Kumar Yadav
collection DOAJ
description The Indian coal fly ash (CFA) is composed of 5-15% ferrous fractions. The variation in percentage depends on the source of coal and the operating conditions of the thermal power plants. The present research work reports the recovery of ferrous particles from CFA by the wet magnetic separation method. The morphological, elemental, and chemical properties of the extracted ferrous fractions were analyzed. In order to achieve surface-modified ferrospheres, the extracted ferrospheres were treated with concentrated HCl followed by sonication. The instrumental analysis reported the ferrous composition is around 16% by weight and belongs to class F. The toxicity of CFA was determined on normal human lung (BEAS-2B) cells using MTS assay. The results showed that CFA’s induced cell toxicity in a dose-dependent manner. The ferrous particles were spherically shaped with various sizes ranging from 200 nm to 7000 nm. It was crystalline in nature and is a mixture of hematite and magnetite. The particles were found to be associated with alumina, silica, oxygen, and traces of Ca, Mg, Ti, and C. The surface-modified ferrospheres were used for the remediation of Azure A dye by batch adsorption study. The removal percentage of dye was 25.03%, within 30 minutes at neutral pH, i.e., 7.2. The surface-modified ferrospheres show potential as an alternate, more economical, and reusable adsorbent for the remediation of Azure A dye in the industries or in common effluent treatment plants. Moreover, the recovery of surface-modified ferrospheres using an external magnet and the reuse of the particles make the material much economical for dye removal at an industrial scale.
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spelling doaj-art-3006bbcb97d34fb9a2a1f82877876e112025-01-02T02:57:56ZengSAGE PublishingAdsorption Science & Technology2048-40382022-01-01202210.1155/2022/7012889Remediation of Azure A Dye from Aqueous Solution by Using Surface-Modified Coal Fly Ash Extracted Ferrospheres by Mineral Acids and Toxicity AssessmentVirendra Kumar Yadav0Gajendra Kumar Inwati1Daoud Ali2G. Gnanamoorthy3Sweta Parimita Bera4Samreen Heena Khan5Nisha Choudhary6Gokhlesh Kumar7Tejulal Prasad Chaurasia8Anup Basnet9Department of MicrobiologyDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of ZoologyDepartment of Inorganic Chemistry University of MadrasDepartment of MicrobiologyResearch and Development CentreDepartment of Environment SciencesClinical Division of Fish MedicineSchool of Allied Health SciencesDepartment of MicrobiologyThe Indian coal fly ash (CFA) is composed of 5-15% ferrous fractions. The variation in percentage depends on the source of coal and the operating conditions of the thermal power plants. The present research work reports the recovery of ferrous particles from CFA by the wet magnetic separation method. The morphological, elemental, and chemical properties of the extracted ferrous fractions were analyzed. In order to achieve surface-modified ferrospheres, the extracted ferrospheres were treated with concentrated HCl followed by sonication. The instrumental analysis reported the ferrous composition is around 16% by weight and belongs to class F. The toxicity of CFA was determined on normal human lung (BEAS-2B) cells using MTS assay. The results showed that CFA’s induced cell toxicity in a dose-dependent manner. The ferrous particles were spherically shaped with various sizes ranging from 200 nm to 7000 nm. It was crystalline in nature and is a mixture of hematite and magnetite. The particles were found to be associated with alumina, silica, oxygen, and traces of Ca, Mg, Ti, and C. The surface-modified ferrospheres were used for the remediation of Azure A dye by batch adsorption study. The removal percentage of dye was 25.03%, within 30 minutes at neutral pH, i.e., 7.2. The surface-modified ferrospheres show potential as an alternate, more economical, and reusable adsorbent for the remediation of Azure A dye in the industries or in common effluent treatment plants. Moreover, the recovery of surface-modified ferrospheres using an external magnet and the reuse of the particles make the material much economical for dye removal at an industrial scale.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7012889
spellingShingle Virendra Kumar Yadav
Gajendra Kumar Inwati
Daoud Ali
G. Gnanamoorthy
Sweta Parimita Bera
Samreen Heena Khan
Nisha Choudhary
Gokhlesh Kumar
Tejulal Prasad Chaurasia
Anup Basnet
Remediation of Azure A Dye from Aqueous Solution by Using Surface-Modified Coal Fly Ash Extracted Ferrospheres by Mineral Acids and Toxicity Assessment
Adsorption Science & Technology
title Remediation of Azure A Dye from Aqueous Solution by Using Surface-Modified Coal Fly Ash Extracted Ferrospheres by Mineral Acids and Toxicity Assessment
title_full Remediation of Azure A Dye from Aqueous Solution by Using Surface-Modified Coal Fly Ash Extracted Ferrospheres by Mineral Acids and Toxicity Assessment
title_fullStr Remediation of Azure A Dye from Aqueous Solution by Using Surface-Modified Coal Fly Ash Extracted Ferrospheres by Mineral Acids and Toxicity Assessment
title_full_unstemmed Remediation of Azure A Dye from Aqueous Solution by Using Surface-Modified Coal Fly Ash Extracted Ferrospheres by Mineral Acids and Toxicity Assessment
title_short Remediation of Azure A Dye from Aqueous Solution by Using Surface-Modified Coal Fly Ash Extracted Ferrospheres by Mineral Acids and Toxicity Assessment
title_sort remediation of azure a dye from aqueous solution by using surface modified coal fly ash extracted ferrospheres by mineral acids and toxicity assessment
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7012889
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