Vegetation traits and biogeomorphic complexity shape the resilience of salt marshes to sea-level rise

Abstract The adaptive capacity of ecosystems, or their ability to function despite altered environmental conditions, is crucial for resilience to climate change. However, the role of landscape complexity or species traits on adaptive capacity remains unclear. Here, we combine field experiments and m...

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Main Authors: Loreta Cornacchia, Roeland C. van de Vijsel, Daphne van der Wal, Tom Ysebaert, Jianwei Sun, Bram van Prooijen, Paul Lodewijk Maria de Vet, Quan-Xing Liu, Johan van de Koppel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Communications Earth & Environment
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01829-2
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author Loreta Cornacchia
Roeland C. van de Vijsel
Daphne van der Wal
Tom Ysebaert
Jianwei Sun
Bram van Prooijen
Paul Lodewijk Maria de Vet
Quan-Xing Liu
Johan van de Koppel
author_facet Loreta Cornacchia
Roeland C. van de Vijsel
Daphne van der Wal
Tom Ysebaert
Jianwei Sun
Bram van Prooijen
Paul Lodewijk Maria de Vet
Quan-Xing Liu
Johan van de Koppel
author_sort Loreta Cornacchia
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The adaptive capacity of ecosystems, or their ability to function despite altered environmental conditions, is crucial for resilience to climate change. However, the role of landscape complexity or species traits on adaptive capacity remains unclear. Here, we combine field experiments and morphodynamic modelling to investigate how ecosystem complexity shapes the adaptive capacity of intertidal salt marshes. We focus on the importance of tidal channel network complexity for sediment accumulation, allowing vertical accretion to keep pace with sea-level rise. The model showed that landscape-scale ecosystem complexity, more than species traits, explained higher sediment accumulation rates, despite complexity arising from these traits. Landscape complexity, reflected in creek network morphology, also improved resilience to rising water levels. Comparing model outcomes with real-world tidal networks confirmed that flow concentration, sediment transport and deposition increase with drainage complexity. These findings emphasize that natural pattern development and persistence are crucial to preserve resilience to climate change.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2662-4435
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Earth & Environment
spelling doaj-art-2e9c507589194f2abe8e30150ad9aab52024-11-10T12:43:54ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352024-11-015111310.1038/s43247-024-01829-2Vegetation traits and biogeomorphic complexity shape the resilience of salt marshes to sea-level riseLoreta Cornacchia0Roeland C. van de Vijsel1Daphne van der Wal2Tom Ysebaert3Jianwei Sun4Bram van Prooijen5Paul Lodewijk Maria de Vet6Quan-Xing Liu7Johan van de Koppel8Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchHydrology and Environmental Hydraulics Group, Wageningen UniversityDepartment of Estuarine and Delta Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchDepartment of Estuarine and Delta Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchDelft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesMarine and Coastal SystemsSchool of Mathematical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Estuarine and Delta Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchAbstract The adaptive capacity of ecosystems, or their ability to function despite altered environmental conditions, is crucial for resilience to climate change. However, the role of landscape complexity or species traits on adaptive capacity remains unclear. Here, we combine field experiments and morphodynamic modelling to investigate how ecosystem complexity shapes the adaptive capacity of intertidal salt marshes. We focus on the importance of tidal channel network complexity for sediment accumulation, allowing vertical accretion to keep pace with sea-level rise. The model showed that landscape-scale ecosystem complexity, more than species traits, explained higher sediment accumulation rates, despite complexity arising from these traits. Landscape complexity, reflected in creek network morphology, also improved resilience to rising water levels. Comparing model outcomes with real-world tidal networks confirmed that flow concentration, sediment transport and deposition increase with drainage complexity. These findings emphasize that natural pattern development and persistence are crucial to preserve resilience to climate change.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01829-2
spellingShingle Loreta Cornacchia
Roeland C. van de Vijsel
Daphne van der Wal
Tom Ysebaert
Jianwei Sun
Bram van Prooijen
Paul Lodewijk Maria de Vet
Quan-Xing Liu
Johan van de Koppel
Vegetation traits and biogeomorphic complexity shape the resilience of salt marshes to sea-level rise
Communications Earth & Environment
title Vegetation traits and biogeomorphic complexity shape the resilience of salt marshes to sea-level rise
title_full Vegetation traits and biogeomorphic complexity shape the resilience of salt marshes to sea-level rise
title_fullStr Vegetation traits and biogeomorphic complexity shape the resilience of salt marshes to sea-level rise
title_full_unstemmed Vegetation traits and biogeomorphic complexity shape the resilience of salt marshes to sea-level rise
title_short Vegetation traits and biogeomorphic complexity shape the resilience of salt marshes to sea-level rise
title_sort vegetation traits and biogeomorphic complexity shape the resilience of salt marshes to sea level rise
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01829-2
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